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Water Intelligence

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FY2023 Annual Report · Water Intelligence
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Water Intelligence plc 

Group Annual Report and Financial Statements for 
the Year Ended 31 December 2023 

Company number 03923150 

 
 
 
 Group Annual Report and Financial Statements 

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Contents 

Page 

2  Company Information 

3  Chairman’s Statement 

8  Strategic Report 

15  Directors’ Report 

21  Corporate Governance Statement 

26  Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

27 

Independent Auditors’ report to the members of Water Intelligence plc 

32  Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

33  Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

35  Company Statement of Financial Position 

36  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

37  Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

38  Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

39  Company Statement of Cash Flows 

40  Notes to the Financial Statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
1 

 
 
 
 
 Company Information 

Directors & Advisers 

Directors 

Executive Chairman 
Patrick DeSouza 
Non-Executive Director  
Laura Hills 
Bobby Knell              Non-Executive Director 
Michael Reisman  Non-Executive Director (Retired 06/11/23) 
Non-Executive Director 
C. Daniel Ewell 
Non-Executive Director (Appointed 06/11/23) 
Phil Meckley 

Registered Office 

27-28 Eastcastle Street 
London 
United Kingdom 
W1W 8DH 

Company number 

Registered in England and Wales number 03923150 

Nominated adviser 

Grant Thornton UK LLP 
30 Finsbury Square 
London 
EC2A 1AG 

Brokers 
                                                         100 Bishopsgate 

                  RBC Europe Limited 

     London 
     EC2M 1GT 

                                                         Dowgate Capital Limited 
                                                         15 Fetter Lane 
                                                         London 
                                                         EC4A 1BW 

Independent Auditor 

Registrar 

Bankers 

Crowe U.K. LLP  
55 Ludgate Hill  
London EC4M 7JW 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

M&T Bank  
265 Church Street 

CITI Bank 
CGC Centre, 
Canary Wharf           New Haven 
London 
E14 5LB 

CT 06510 
USA 

Water Intelligence plc 
2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

Overview 

At our annual Convention this coming October, we will be celebrating an important milestone: the 
fiftieth birthday of our core business - American Leak Detection (ALD).  ALD pioneered the use of technology 
to  pinpoint  water  leaks  so  that  minimally-invasive  solutions  might  be  provided  for  customers.  What  is 
remarkable is not just that our business has stood the test of time, growing year after year, but also that our 
best days are still ahead as we launch the next phase of our corporate growth trajectory.   Our sustained 
financial performance in growing profits and earnings per share and our strong balance sheet reinforce our 
confidence in our strategic growth plan.  Below we discuss the direction of our capital allocation in realizing 
increased shareholder value. 

Market demand for minimally invasive water solutions is only increasing, driven by water scarcity 
and deteriorating water infrastructure.  We are well-positioned to capture such demand for Our Next 50 – 
the  theme  of  the  Convention  -  because  of  our  current  set  of  offerings  and  also  because  of  new  service 
offerings  emerging  from  various  investments  that  we  have  made  in  proprietary  technology.  These  new 
business  lines  will  reinforce  our  organic  growth  going  forward  as  we  market  the  solutions  more  widely 
through the rest of 2024 and 2025.   We are energized by the opportunities to extend our brand as a trusted 
partner for our customers by handling more of their water-related infrastructure problems. 

 Towards the Next 50.   Water Intelligence remains a growth company. As part of our communication 
efforts  to  launch  the  Next  50,  we  are  refreshing  our  Group  websites  and  using  a  new  “video  moments” 
technology  to  highlight  our  forward-looking  opportunities  and  how  we  plan  to  seize  them  for  our 
shareholders and partners.  

We  have  a  strong  fifty-year  track  record  of  Build  and  Buy,  investing  in  and  digesting  new 
opportunities to scale our business.  ALD began its corporate journey fifty years ago in a narrow fashion by 
deploying proprietary acoustic technologies for residential pipes and swimming pools in the US. Today, we 
have  a  much  more  developed  story.    Water  Intelligence,  after  merging  with  ALD  in  2010,  through  both 
organic growth and selective acquisitions, has built a multinational platform with a broad range of offerings 
for  the  home,  for  commercial  properties  and  for  municipalities  addressing  various  clean  water  and 
wastewater-related issues.   

To illustrate:  In the UK, after acquiring Water Intelligence International (WII) in 2016, IP assets from 
Reese Group (UK) in 2018 and Water Save Ltd (UK) in 2021, the Group extended its proprietary solutions 
to  include  wastewater  solutions  for  larger  diameter  pipes  covering  commercial  properties  and  municipal 
infrastructure. Today WII cross-sells a range of solutions to our ALD customers across geographies.   As 
the Group continues to scale - now 150+ ALD locations across 46 states of the US with both corporate and 
franchise  locations  -  we  have  successfully  enhanced  ALD’s  market  capture  by  establishing  national 
channels with insurance companies, property management and municipalities.  Created by acquisition and 
strong follow-on execution, WII is contributing additional offerings for our core ALD business, particularly 
with  respect  to  municipal  customers.  Our  investment  in  a  Salesforce.com  customer  relationship 
management software enables us to generate significant data for these national customers in terms of our 
service level agreements.  Our Group’s network sales (gross sales directly from corporate locations and 
indirectly from franchisee gross sales under our ALD brand) are approaching $185 million. 

Our Build and Buy” approach to digesting such new opportunities remains consistent: We prudently 
balance bedrock principles, such as delivering quality customer service for our offerings, with the rapid pace 
of adding new business lines based on emerging technologies or adding new geographies given the global 
nature of water infrastructure problems.  In executing this approach, we seek to leverage our key competitive 
attribute of an installed base of operating locations across 46 states of the US and in the UK, Canada and 
Australia.  Our installed base enables us to lend support to neighboring operating locations and to maintain 
quality should the need arise.  Moreover, the growth of our installed based with new business lines and new 
geographies reinforces our ultimate strategic goal of becoming a multinational distribution platform or a “one 
stop  shop”  that  can  handle  all  of  our  customer’s  water-related  needs.  As  a  distribution  platform,  we  are 

Water Intelligence plc 
3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

defining our brand by promoting “continuous customer engagement” as a trusted partner instead of being a 
“one and done” vendor.  Companies that provide such continuous engagement are valued highly. 

In thinking about the Next 50, we remain passionate about our core mission - preserving the world’s 
most precious resource. Over time, however, in keeping with our evolving corporate development, we have 
extended  our  mission  beyond  water  savings  to  include  the  public  health  dimension  of  water  with  new 
technology-based solutions for wastewater blockages and storm water run-off into clean water channels. In 
pursuing  our  corporate  mission,  we  are  mindful  of  the  public  good  given  the  importance  of  water  to  all 
communities. For example, in prior years we focused  just on the US and worked in places such as Flint, 
Michigan  where  we  provided  solutions  for  lead  in  the  water.    During  2023  and  now  in  2024,  we  have 
broadened our horizons and contributed both time and resources to a non-profit organization building wells 
and water infrastructure for villages in India.  It is our sense of mission and belief in quality of service as a 
trusted partner, even as we pursue growth, that sets our brand apart.  

Financial Overview for 2023.  In executing our competitive strategy, we continue to remain on a 
consistent upward trajectory in terms of performance. For 2023, Group revenue increased 7% to $76 million 
(2022:  $71.3  million).    EBITDA  Adjusted  (earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortization 
adjusted for non-cash and non-recurring costs) grew by 9% to $13.4 million (2022: $12.4 million).  Profit 
before Tax Adjusted (adjusted for non-cash, non-recurring costs and amortization) grew 12% to $8.7 million 
(2022: $7.8 million).  Margins improved despite persistent inflation in the United States: Adjusted EBITDA 
margins increased to 17.7% (2022: 17.3%).  Adjusted PBT margins increased to 11.5% (2022: 10.9%).  

Our financial performance translated into increasing shareholder value.  Statutory profit before tax 
(PBT) grew 13% to $6.2 million (2022: $5.5 million). As a result, statutory basic earnings per share (EPS) 
grew 23% to 25.3 cents (2022: 20.5 cents) and fully diluted EPS grew 29% to 24.7 cents (2022: 19.2 
cents).  Hence our operating foundation is delivering for our shareholders.   

Our operating performance reinforces our consistent growth path. In reflecting upon our trailing five-
year cycle, our compounded annual growth rate from 2018 to 2023 – across volatility induced by Covid and 
stagflation – has remained strong with +24% growth in terms of revenue and +29% growth in terms of profit 
before tax.   

Financial  Performance  and  KPIs.    Four  KPIs,  identified  below,  reflect  our  execution  through 

franchise-operated and corporate-operated locations.  

Our  franchise  System  sales  continue  to  grow  despite  the  number  of  reacquisitions  of  franchise 
locations during 2022 and 2023 which reduces the pool of franchisee sales.  KPI #1 - ALD royalty income 
– is a proxy for System-wide franchise sales.  Franchise royalty remained at $6.7 million (2022: $6.7 million). 
Had those same locations remained as franchises instead of being converted to corporate stores, royalty 
income would have grown by 3%.  KPI #2 - Franchise-related Activity - measures Group support of franchise 
growth through the sale of equipment and additional territory and the development of channel sales such 
as insurance. Franchise-related Activity grew 6% to $11.2 million (2022: $10.6 million).  

Our corporate operations also grew both in the US and internationally even after one adjusts for 
franchise reacquisitions.  KPI #3 - US Corporate sales - grew 7% to $50.5 million (2022: $47.3 million).  If 
we exclude those acquired locations in 2022 and 2023 and just consider “same store” corporate sales, same 
store locations grew modestly by 1% to $47 million (2022: $46.7 million).  KPI #4 - International Corporate 
sales - grew by 14% to $7.6 million (2022: $6.7 million). International sales are led by our wholly-owned 
subsidiary Water Intelligence International (WII).  WII, though smaller today than ALD in terms of sales, is 
leading the way in new product development, commercializing our wastewater solutions technology with 
UK water utilities.  Market capture of the demand for wastewater solutions is expected to grow strongly in 
the US in 2025 especially as we commercialize our proprietary technology for the residential market.   

Capital Allocation and the “Next 50”.  Our balance sheet is strong and supports our reinvestment to 
sustain our growth trajectory and to increase market share.  Cash on our balance sheet at year-end was 

Water Intelligence plc 
4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

$15.8 million with significant untapped credit capacity indicated by a Total Net Debt to EBITDA Adjusted 
Ratio of 0.53.  

As noted above, our Build and Buy plan for our Next 50 reflects both the success of our historic 
approach to corporate development as well as our strategic vision.  As discussed, we have two criteria for 
our investments:  first, balance the importance of core values such as quality of service and product delivery 
with rapid additions of new business lines; and  second, leverage our installed base of 150+ locations to 
mitigate against execution risk and transform our business model into a distribution platform that focuses 
on continuous customer engagement with the over 200,000 customers annually that we reach from these 
locations.  Our vision carries with it a higher equity multiple. 

Four  Groups  of  Investments.    We  have  four  groups  of  investments  which  metaphorically  form  a 
simple “layer cake” for ALD’s 50th birthday.  Allocation of capital decisions around these four groups reflect 
the two principles cited above and seeks to manage risk by building on what we already execute well. 

The first group of  investment represents the foundational  and broadest level of  any layer cake - 
straight-forward organic growth by adding more trucks and trained technicians to capture increasing market 
demand for the offerings that we already have in place.  We need to scale these operations in an efficient 
way.  We have already made significant investments for these purposes so there is little additional need for 
heavy lifting in terms of new investment.   

Since 2H 2023, we have been building a state-of-the-art training center in Bridgeport, Connecticut.  
This location was chosen  because  many of the national insurance companies have headquarters  in the 
northeast  corridor  of  the  US.    A  showcase  center  would  not  only  distinguish  us  for  our  current  national 
customers but would also be helpful in gaining new partnerships. Our Bridgeport Center is outfitted with 
examples of all types of water and wastewater leaks for any size pipe – residential, commercial, municipal.  
As a result, we can train more technicians from around the country for various situations that their respective 
geography faces. The training center will be live on 1 July.  Our Center will also leverage video moments 
technology to speed up training in the classroom and on the job.  Finally, for this foundational layer of organic 
growth, we have also invested significant sums already in Salesforce customer management software and 
related  applications.  This  operating  system  is  currently  being  used  by  our  corporate  locations  and  both 
franchise and corporate locations for our insurance channel.  We will complete System-wide adoption by 
year-end.  We will then evaluate any incremental new investment to further enhance our execution platform. 

The second group of investment, in building upon our foundation layer, represents organic growth 
of  a  different  kind:  new  proprietary  service  offerings  that  leverage  investments  that  we  have  made  in 
technologies.  Below  we  describe  our  ready-to-go  new  products:    LeakVue  2;  Pulse;  Leak  Survey  1  and 
VersaLiner.    We  have  tested  extensively  new  service  offerings  associated  with  these  products  with 
outstanding  results.    We  now  look  forward  to  rolling-out  these  solutions  with  their  accompanying  “go  to 
market” investments such as manufacturing and marketing (of course, producing accompanying sales and 
profits).   

To start, we have invested in upgrading our devices for detecting “hard to find leaks” in swimming 
pools, an area in which ALD has been focused since its beginning.  Swimming pools, especially those with 
water features,  are more complicated than customers realize after making  a significant  investment.   We 
have upgraded our patented LeakVue device to extract more data quicker and more accurately from larger 
swimming  pools.  With  our  device,  we  can  solve  difficult  problems  quickly  enabling  us  to  achieve  more 
volume by the same technician but also to maintain our pricing.  We have begun training all of our locations 
in the use of the technology and will be setting up partnerships with national pool service companies.   

Further,  we  have  beta  tested  in  various  communities  a  proprietary  product  called  Pulse  for 
pinpointing residential wastewater blockages much faster than conventional means. In this case, we would 
be creating a new service offering that addresses the needs expressed by our residential customers and by 
warranty companies that sell  monthly subscriptions to homeowners.  We see  high demand for our  Pulse 

Water Intelligence plc 
5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

residential solution based on sales traction from a different version of Pulse that generates sales and profits 
from municipal customers in the UK and EU.  

Moreover, building on the current success of Pulse for municipal customers, we have designed a 
derivative product from the intellectual property that municipalities can use for quick water surveys for their 
respective infrastructure networks. Provisionally named Leak Survey 1 or LS1, the product enables junior 
staff  to  execute  a  survey  rapidly  and  to  extract  significant  relevant  data  about  the  water  or  wastewater 
network. The product is geared to lower the labor costs for municipal survey work.   

Finally,  we  have  developed  a  technology  solution  –  VersaLiner  -  for  open  channel  water 
conveyance.  This product is different from LeakVue 2, Pulse and LS1 because it is not building on current 
offerings  but  rather  is  a  new  offering  that  broadens  our  base  of  customers  around  the  world  both  in 
agribusiness and municipalities.  We executed our first commercial job with VersaLiner in Q4 2023 in Avon, 
Colorado.  Our customer and partners wanted to see performance data after one winter/spring cycle of the 
ground  thawing  and  moving.  On  10  June  2024,  as  a  Subsequent  Event,  we  released  outstanding 
performance results from the first commercial job for our patented water management technology.  We will 
be  teaming  up  with  various  large-scale  contractors  and  distribution  partners.  The  capital  expenditure 
required would be to create additional tooling to increase the range of open channel solutions. To reiterate, 
with  respect  to  each  of  these  four  products,  we  have  laid  the  groundwork  for  our  return-on-investment 
calculation by testing it with customers and making early sales before we roll them out. 

Our third group of investments or third level of our metaphorical layer cake focuses on growth by 
acquisition;  an  activity  that  has  been  part  of  our  growth  plan.  Over  the  years,  we  have  acquired  ALD 
franchisees  and  converted  them  into  corporate  locations  to  enhance  our  ability  to  grow.  We  have  also 
acquired third parties such as Water Intelligence International and Water Save to build out our UK presence.  
Importantly, in each of the areas of acquisition, we have gained integration experience so that we may be 
able  to  execute  operations  efficiently  post-transaction  across  geographies  and  groups  of  customers.    In 
doing  so,  we  can  ensure  quality  of  service  delivery  and  have  confidence  in  an  acquisition-led  growth 
component.  

With respect to our ALD franchisees, currently, there is approximately $100 million in gross sales 
to third parties represented by royalty income.  Both franchise locations and corporate locations operate 
under  the  same  brand  and  all  have  similarly  trained  technicians,  marketing  and  operations.  For  our 
customers there is no difference between corporate and franchise service delivery.  As a result, with these 
acquisitions, we are able to integrate operations rapidly. In 2023 and 1H 2024, we have continued to execute 
franchise acquisitions.   

However, to be clear with respect to capital allocation, we value and want to grow our franchise 
System.  Our strategy is to create a virtuous cycle where we acquire a territory, perhaps split the territory 
for greater coverage and incentivize new franchisees to build territories and reap the rewards.  While our 
priority to date has been acquiring franchises, now that there is a blend of corporate and franchise locations 
throughout the US to provide operational support for growth, we will begin again to also sell new franchises 
and reestablish a cycle of franchise development and royalty growth.  During 1H 2024 as a Subsequent 
Event, we sold a new franchise in Albany, New York.  We have been experiencing increasing demand for 
purchasing franchise territories as potential franchisees see a track record of franchisees growing a territory 
and then achieving an exit value for their asset.   

Beyond franchisees, we have used acquisitions of third parties to deepen our service offerings not 
only for Water Intelligence International, as noted above, but also for ALD.  Over the last few years, we have 
both  hired  plumbers  and  acquired  plumbing  companies  to  extend  our  capabilities  from  leak  detection  to 
repair.  In addition, as an offshoot to acquiring franchisees and plumbing companies, increasingly we have 
the opportunity to acquire product companies that need sales channels.  With our installed base of locations 
and  customers  and  national  channels,  we  have  the  opportunity  to  create  the  distribution  platform  with 
continuous customer engagement that is at the heart of our strategic vision.  To be sure, given our prior 

Water Intelligence plc 
6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chairman’s Statement 

investment in video commerce technology that we can leverage for customer engagement, we are more 
likely to set up reseller agreements rather than acquire product companies. 

Fourth, at the very top of this conceptual layer cake, are our shareholders. Over the years, we have 
grown earnings per share for all shareholders with minimal dilution.  2023 was no different.  As noted above, 
fully diluted EPS grew by 29% (2023: 24.7 cents vs. 2022: 19.2 cents).  With our consistent growth trajectory 
and our ability to put significant free cash flow to work, our shareholders may be concerned that the share 
price does not trade at levels that reflect either EPS growth or fair value. Hence, one use of capital for which 
we will be seeking regulatory approval and asking our shareholders for authorization is to repurchase some 
of our shares and provide liquidity for our shareholders.  

Direction 

We are optimistic about the Next 50.  We have a Build and Buy growth plan and available capital 
that enables us to leverage our installed base of operations and customers. Our execution experience over 
the Last 50 encourages both organic growth by adding service teams and offerings, as well as acquisitions 
and  integration  of  operations.    As  part  of  our  journey,  we  also  have  experience  with  investing  and 
commercializing new technologies to further define our brand as a trusted partner with fresh solutions.   

Most importantly, we remain passionate about our mission to preserve the world’s most precious 
resource. We will confidently put capital to work to launch the Next 50 and thus realize the full value of our 
strategic  vision  of  a  distribution  platform  that  brings  to  our  customers  various  solutions  for  water-related 
infrastructure.  

Dr. Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

26 June 2024 

Water Intelligence plc 
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 Strategic Report 

Business Review and Key Performance Indicators 

The Chairman’s Statement, on pages 3 to 7, provides an overview of the year and an outlook for Water 
Intelligence plc and its subsidiaries, together referred to as the “Group”. The business indicators offered 
below are meant to capture for the Board not only the state of performance but also the  evolution of our 
business  model  as  a  platform  company  with  multiple  sales  channels.  As  a  “One -stop  Shop”  for  our 
growing base of customers, we offer a matrix of clean water and waste -water solutions for residential, 
commercial and municipal infrastructure problems. With such offerings, we can both cross-sell services 
from different business units or up-sell technology products from partners.   

The  Water  Intelligence  platform  has  two  wholly-owned  subsidiaries:    American  Leak  Detection  (ALD) 
and Water Intelligence International (WII). These business units generated approximately  $170 million 
of gross sales to third-parties during 2023 (both direct sales provided by corporate locations and indirect 
sales  provided  by  franchisees  from  which  royalty  income  is  derived).  The  two  subsidiaries  are 
distinguished by the degree of franchise-operated and corporate-operated locations and their respective 
priorities with respect to residential, business-to-business and municipal customers.  

ALD, our core business, is largely a franchise business with strategic corporate-operated locations.  ALD 
is a leader in using technology to pinpoint and repair water leaks without destruction. Solutions target 
both  residential  and  business-to-business  customers,  such  as  insurance  companies,  which  value  our 
“minimally invasive” value proposition.  During 2023 ALD generated approximately $162 million of gross 
sales  to  end-users.  That  critical  mass  of  gross  sales  is  derived  both  from  direct  sales  via  corporate-
operated locations and indirect sales measured by royalty income from franchisees.   

WII, our international-based operation, focuses on municipal solutions to the worldwide problem of failing 
water infrastructure. During 2023 WII generated approximately $7.6 million of sales to customers. Like 
ALD, WII’s solutions are also technology-based. WII is exclusively a corporate-run unit that leads the 
Group’s international expansion. WII does have the capability to execute ALD service offerings and is 
currently doing so at our corporate-operated locations in Australia. WII also cross-sells complementary 
municipal offerings and residential wastewater solutions to ALD customers in the US.   

The  Group’s  business  model  and  growth  strategy  is  evaluated  through  key  performance  indicators 
(KPIs).    The  KPIs  capture  both  corporate-operated  and  franchise-operated  organic  growth  from  ALD 
and  WII solutions. They  also capture acquisition-led growth,  especially  by selectively converting  ALD 
franchises into corporate-operated locations. Such re-acquisitions of franchisee operations enable some 
amount  of  the  approximately  $100  million  in  highly  profitable  franchisee  gross  sales  to  end -users, 
currently  recorded  as  royalty  income,  to  be  converted  to  the  Group’s  direct  Statement  of  Income.    In 
evaluating such acquisition-led growth, it is also important to separate continuing operating costs from 
non-recurring  costs  or  transaction  costs.  Finally,  we  have  a  KPI  that  provides  guidance  as  to  the 
availability of capital to execute our growth plan. Because of the monthly recurring royalty income from 
the franchise business, the Group is able to be efficient in its capital formation by mixing in non -dilutive 
bank debt.  As a result, the Group manages to the right balance in capital formation between debt and 
equity by monitoring the level of bank borrowings.  

Six key performance indicators (KPIs) are used by the Board to monitor the above described business 
model:  (i)  growth  in  ALD  franchise  royalty  income,  (ii)  growth  in  ALD  franchise -related  activities  that 
include both business to business sales and sales of parts and equipment, (iii) growth in ALD corporate-
operated locations in the United States, (iv) growth in WII corporate activities located outside the United 
States, (v) non-core costs and (vi) net borrowings from banks which are subject to financial cov enants. 
These six indicators are reported to the Board and used to assist the Board in the management of the 
business. 

Evaluation of Strategic Plan Drawn From 6 KPIs: 

i. 

ii. 

Royalty income is a measure of the health of the ALD franchise System which represents the 
majority of gross sales under the ALD brand.  The change in royalty income must be evaluated 
against  the  number  of  franchise  reacquisitions  in  any  given  year  which  r educes  the  pool  of 
available royalty income for the subsequent year.  
Franchise-related Activities are a measure of the services and products sold by Corporate to its 
franchises  to  fuel  growth  in  the  franchise  System.  ALD’s  Business-to-Business  Channel 

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8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

iii. 

leverages  for  customers  our  national  execution  presence  under  one  brand  and  is  led  by 
insurance companies.  
ALD Corporate-operated locations add to critical mass of Group revenue and profits. Selective 
reacquisitions from our franchise System further unlock equity value for the Group in two ways.  
First, reacquisitions set up corporate regional hubs from which c orporate may help grow both 
franchise and corporate units.  Second, reacquisitions add growing revenue and profits directly 
onto the accounts of the Group. 

v. 

iv.  WII  complements  our  ALD  brand  which  is  focused  largely  on  residential  and  commercial 
customers, by contributing municipal sales to the Group’s overall sales presence in the US and 
international geographies. 
Non-core  costs  (transactions  costs  and  non-recurring  costs)  should  be  taken  into  account  in 
evaluating on-going operating performance. 
Credit facilities enable the Group to fuel expansion and preserve shareholder equity.  Because 
of the quality of monthly recurring royalty income, the Group is attractive to banks enabling the 
Group to optimize capital formation.  

vi. 

Franchise Royalty Income.  

(i) 
ALD receives royalty income from franchisees based on a percentage of gross sales to third parties.  During 
2023 approximately $100 million of such gross sales may be attributed to the franchise System.  The Group 
derived  approximately  $6.7  million  in  royalty  income  from  such  gross  sales.  There  are  currently  78 
franchises operating in over 100 locations across 46 states of the US, with additional locations in Australia 
and Canada.  Some franchisees operate multiple locations in their territory.  

Part of the Group’s growth strategy to unlock shareholder value by selectively reacquiring franchises and 
operating the business as a corporate location. By executing such conversions, the Group is trading off a 
portion of the pool of available royalty income to directly aggregate and grow the underlying revenue and 
profits  from  those  locations.  Royalty  income  in  2023  remained  constant  in  comparison  with  2022.  It  is 
important to note that this is attributable to a number of reacquisitions during 2022 which had the effect of 
reducing the eligible pool of royalty income for 2023. Without such reacquisitions in 2022, royalty income 
would have grown 3% indicating that on a like-for-like basis the franchise System is still growing, driven 
especially by the growth of the insurance channel noted in KPI #2.    

Performance from royalty income is as follows: 

Total USA 
International 
Total Group Royalty Income 

Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$'000 
6,638 
101 
6,739 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$'000 
6,637 
110 
6,747 

Change 
% 
0% 
(9)% 
0% 

2,156 

1,957 

10% 

Franchise-related Activities.  

(ii) 
US  franchise-related  activities  capture  what  Corporate  Administration  (“Corporate”)  does  to  grow  the 
franchise System. It is also one indication of the reinvestment of franchisees in the Group’s growth plan.   

Parts and equipment sold to franchisees by Corporate enables franchisees to further grow their respective 
operations.   

Water Intelligence plc 
9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
                                
                      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Business-to-Business channels, such  as insurance, capture the  market demands of  national customers.  
These customers place significant value on ALD’s nationwide brand, service standardization and delivery 
footprint  –  an  important  aspect  of  competitive  strategy  when  one  considers  that  the  market  for  service 
providers is fragmented. Jobs for franchisees are sourced by Corporate from insurance companies using a 
centralized  processing  system.  Important  to  note  is  that  national  channel  jobs  executed  by  Corporate 
locations are not counted in the Group’s Business-to-Business sales.  Hence the 6% growth of Business-
to-Business sales understates the contribution of insurance relationships for Network Sales. 

Finally, Sales of Franchise Units represent the decision to develop a new territory through a franchisee as 
opposed to corporate operations.  It should be noted that the Group’s current priority is to add corporate-
operated locations as opposed to franchisee-operated locations.  Given the rising value of franchise territory 
because of franchise reacquisitions, demand for additional territory is rising among franchisees. The Group 
reviews annually its priority on  establishing new corporate locations as opposed to selling new franchise 
territories.  

Revenue from franchise-related activities in  2023 grew by 5% compared to  2022 largely because of the 
growth of the Group’s business-to-business channel.   Profits before tax decreased 4% in 2023 compared 
with  2022  largely  because  of  the  high  margin  surrounding  the  sale  of  franchise  territory  in  2022.  
Performance from franchise-related activities are as follows: 

Parts and equipment sales 
Business-to-Business sales 
Sales of Franchise Units 
Total Revenue Franchise Activities    
Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$'000 
670 
10,480 
13 
11,163 
925 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$'000 
668 
9,893 
63 
10,624 
965 

Change 
% 
0% 
6% 
(79)% 
5% 
(4)% 

US Corporate Operated Locations (ALD).  

(iii) 
Corporate-run locations, both greenfield and initiated after reacquisition of franchise locations, contribute 
revenue  and  profits  to  the  Group.    In  addition,  such  operations  also  support  the  franchise  System  with 
strategy, marketing and execution support in further developing territories. Performance of US corporate-
run locations after reacquisition is also an indication of the success of the Group’s strategy to capture more 
market demand for our minimally invasive leak detection and repair solutions. The Group directly operates 
44 locations, an increase of 3 locations (2022: 41).   

As  set  forth  below,  ALD  Corporate-operated  revenue  grew  7%  to  $50.5  million  (2022:  $47.3  million). 
Meanwhile profits before tax increased by 2% to a $8.4 million (2022: $8.2  million).  Revenue and profit 
growth was adversely affected by the sharp rise in US interest rates leading to write-offs with respect to the 
new  construction  market.  $325,000  of  non-recurring  costs  are  identified  in  the  table  of  Non-core  Costs 
below.    However,  there  were  additional  expense  amounts  not  placed  in  non-core  costs  because  we  do 
expect the housing market to rebound and we have kept some staff available.  

Much  like  the  pro  forma  adjustment  for  royalty  income  in  KPI  #1  based  on  the  number  of  franchisees 
reacquired in the prior year, so also we can separate out corporate locations owned prior to January 2022 
so that a comparison may be made for “same store sales” as a measure of organic growth post franchise 
reacquisition.  Corporate-operated “same store” revenue grew 1% to $47 million (2022: $46.6 million) and 
profit before tax decreased 1% to $8 million (2022: $8.1 million).  See above for adverse effect of write-offs 
in the new construction market. 

Water Intelligence plc 
10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Performance from corporate-operated locations is as follows: 

Revenue 
   Locations owned prior to 1 January 2022 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$'000 
50,460 
46,999 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$'000 
47,297 
46,654 

Change 
% 
7% 
1% 

Profit before tax (see note 4) 
   Locations owned prior to 1 January 2022 

8,412 
7,950 

8,253 
8,053 

2% 
(1)% 

International Corporate Operated Locations (WII)  

(iv) 
The Group continues to strengthen its multinational presence through its UK-based WII subsidiary. WII 
focuses largely on municipal solutions while maintaining core residential and commercial offerings. In the 
UK, WII executes municipal work for all major utilities and residential and commercial projects through its 
Wat-er-Save subsidiary. In this way, WII has multinational operating scope by managing corporate 
locations established in Australia and Ontario, Canada after ALD franchisee reacquisitions.   

WII sales grew 14% during 2023 to $7.6 million. (2022: $6.7 million) and profits increased by 418% to 
$0.44 million (2022: $0.09 million).  Much of the increase in profits is attributable Wat-er-Save Services 
Limited which encourages the Group to increase ALD residential and commercial offerings in the UK. 

Performance from Water Intelligence International is as follows:   

UK  
Australia 
Canada 

Total Revenue from International 
Corporate Activities  

Profit before tax (see note 4) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$'000 
3,952 
2,611 
1,050 

7,613 

443 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$'000 
3,437 
2,038 
1,191 

Change 
% 
15% 
28% 
(12)% 

6,666 

14% 

86 

418%  

Non-Core Costs.  

(v) 
During 2023, the Group incurred non-core costs relating to transactions or non-recurring expenses. As 
discussed herein, understanding non-core costs, as distinct from continuing operating costs, helps the 
Board evaluate capital allocation choices made to accelerate operations organically and to scale through 
acquisition. In  2023, there were $1,069,00  of non-core costs (2022: $840,000).   The increase in non-
core costs was entirely the result of the sharp rise in US interest rates stopping new construction and 
leading to write-offs. 

Water Intelligence plc 
11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Please see table below for details: 

New construction industry related costs  
Technology upgrades 
Transaction-related legal and other costs 
Australian flood conditions 
Total 

Year ended  
31 December 2023 
$’000  

Year ended  
31 December 2022 
$’000 

325  
368  
376  
-  
1,069  

- 
450 
243 
147 
840 

Net Bank Borrowings. 

(vi) 
Management of financial resources is important for making various decisions regarding the 
reinvestment rate for the growth of operations.  As noted herein, the monthly recurring income from 
franchise royalty provides the Group with attractive attributes for using bank debt to complement 
equity sources of capital.  The Group’s objective for risk management purposes is to be prudent with 
respect to bank financial covenants. Net cash after Bank Borrowings is positive and amortisation of 
such debt extends through 2028.  

Group 

Lines of credit: acquisition and working capital 
Bank borrowings 

Less: Cash and cash investments 

Held in US Dollars 
Held in £ Sterling 
Held in CDN Dollars 
Held in AU Dollars 

Total Net Bank Borrowings/(Cash) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023 
$'000 
- 
14,461 
14,461 

13,512 
1,479 
451 
316 
15,758 
(1,297) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022 
$'000 
- 
16,425 
16,425 

20,514 
1,779 
359 
362 
23,014 
(6,589) 

Water Intelligence plc 
12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 
The  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk  are  described  in 
note 23. The principal risks and uncertainties to which the Group is exposed include:  

Foreign Currency Risk 

The Group’s activities expose it to the financial risk of changes in foreign currency exchange rates as 
it undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. There has been no change to 
the Group’s exposure to market risks. The Group monitors exposure to foreign exchange rate changes 
on a daily basis by a daily review of the Group’s cash balances in the US, UK , Canada and Australia. 

Interest Rate Risk 
The Group’s interest rate risk arises from its working capital and term loan borrowings. 

Whilst borrowing issued at variable rates would expose the Group to cash flow risks, as at year -end, 
the Company is only subject to a variable rate on its working capital line of credit.  As of the report 
date, all other credit facilities in use are at fixed interest rates. 

Credit Risk 
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its cash and cash equivalents and trade 
receivables. The credit risk on other classes of financial assets is considered insignificant. 

Liquidity Risk 
The  Group  manages  its  liquidity  risk  primarily  through  the  monitoring  of  forecasts  and  actual  cash 
flows. 

Other Risks 
There is a risk that existing and new customer relationships and R&D will not lead to sales growth and 
increased profits. The Group is reliant on a small number of skilled managers. The Group is reliant on 
effective  relationships  with  its  franchisees,  especially  in  the  US.    Finally,  there  are  continuing  risks 
given the sharp rise in interest rates during 2023 but the existence of persistent inflation. The Group is 
monitoring risks associated with stagflation or recession for 2024 and 2025. 

Corporate Governance statement S172 of the UK’s Companies Act 
Each director must act in a way that, in good faith, would most likely promote the success of the Group for 
the benefit of its stakeholders.  The Board of Directors consider, both individually and together, that they 
have acted in the way they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the 
company for the benefit of its members as a whole (having regard to the stakeholders and matters 
indicated in S172) in the decisions taken during the year ended 31 December 2023. Following is an 
overview of how the Board performed its duties during 2023. 

Shareholders and Banking Relationships 
The Executive Chairman, Chief Financial Officer, members of the Board and senior executives on the 
management team have regular contact with major shareholders and banking relationships.  The Board 
receives regular updates on the views of shareholders which are taken into account when the Board 
makes its decisions.  During March 2022 and December 2023, the Group expanded its credit facilities. 
During July and November 2021, the Company raised capital largely from its current shareholders. The 
Group received feedback during each process.  

Employees 
The Board recognizes the importance of skilled human capital for a technology and services-led business.  
The Board works through its human resources director to provide on-going training and benefits.  It also 
provides advancement opportunities in its various corporate-operated locations.  As noted herein, the 
Group has taken a variety of steps to address the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of its employees and 
stakeholders   

Water Intelligence plc 
13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Strategic Report 

Franchisees 
The Group holds an annual convention for its franchisees which includes education and training sessions. 
During October 2023, the Group held its annual convention in Charleston, South Carolina.  Franchisees 
have an Advisory Committee that provides input to the Board with quarterly meetings.  Moreover, two of 
our Board members, Bobby Knell and Phil Meckley are leaders in the franchise System.  

Customers 
ALD has a reputation for high quality service delivery across the United States for over forty years.  Given 
the importance of our reputation with customers, especially insurance companies, the Board pays 
significant levels of attention to the quality of our service delivery.  Management gathers data that it 
shares with the Board on customer satisfaction. 

Community and Environment 
The Group’s brand stands for the conservation of water and the importance of providing solutions to 
potable and non-potable water leaks.  Through our advertising and marketing the Group seeks to 
communicate to the public both the importance of sustainability, particularly with respect to water loss 
through leakage, and the importance for public health of remediating sewer blockages as consumers 
dispose of sanitary wipes in toilets during Covid-19.  The Group took an active role not only in providing 
leak detection services to local government in Flint, Michigan – a community known for its lead in the 
water crisis – but also in working to educate community members on the importance of on-going water 
monitoring.  During 2023, the Group donated to a non-profit group that is providing water and water 
infrastructure to rural villages in India. The Board has also sought to be active with respect to education 
and water. During 2019 and 2020, members of the Board have worked with Columbia University to 
contribute to its “Year of Water” education campaign.  

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza  
Executive Chairman 

26 June 2024

Water Intelligence plc 
14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their report on the affairs of Water Intelligence plc and its subsidiaries, referred to as 
the Group, together with the audited Financial Statements and Independent Auditors’ report for the year 
ended 31 December 2023. 

Principal Activities 
The Group is a leading provider of minimally invasive leak detection and remediation services for potable 
and non-potable water. The Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” for services and product solutions 
for residential, commercial and municipal customers. 

Results 
The financial performance for the year, including the Group’s Statement of Comprehensive Income and 
the Group’s financial position at the end of the year, is shown in the Financial Statements on pages 32 to 
39. 

2023  was  marked  by  sustained  and  balanced  multinational  growth  for  both  ALD  and  WII.  Total 
revenue for Water Intelligence grew 7% to $76 million (2022: $71.3 million).  ALD revenue grew 6% 
to $68.4 million (2022: $64.6 million).  WII revenue grew  14% to $7.6 million (2022: $6.7 million). 
The  splits  between  ALD  and  WI  revenue  remained  consistent  during  2022  when  compared  with 
2022  with  approximately  90%  of  total  revenue  attributable  to  ALD  and  10%  of  total  revenue 
attributable to WII. 

Statutory profit before taxes (PBT) increased by 13% to $6.2 million (2022: $5.5 million). When profit before 
taxes is adjusted for amortization, non-cash share-based payments and non-core costs, PBTA grew 12% 
to  $8.7  million  (2022:  $7.8  million).  Statutory  earnings  before  interest,  taxes  and  depreciation  (EBITDA) 
grew 7% to $11.8 million (2022: $11.1 million).  When EBITDA is adjusted for non-cash expenses of share-
based payments and non-core or non-recurring costs, EBITDA Adjusted increased by 9% to $13.4 million 
(2022: $12.4 million).   

Going Concern 
The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to December 2025. 
The  forecast  contains  certain  assumptions  about  the  level  of  future  sales  and  the  level  of  margins 
achievable. These assumptions are the Directors’ best estimate of the future development of the business.  
The Group generates increasing levels of cash driven by its profitable and growing US-based business, 
ALD. The Directors also note that the Group has diversified its operations with growth in WII.  Moreover, 
given the Group’s strong cash position at year-end and after oversubscribed capital raises in 2021 and 
expansion of its credit facilities in December 2023, the Directors believe that funding will be available on 
a case-by-case basis for additional initiatives. 

Cash  and cash  investments  at  31  December  2023 was  $15.8  million. On  31 December  2023,  total 
debt  (borrowings  and  deferred  consideration  from  franchise  acquisitions)  was  $2 2.8  million  with 
amortisation  of  such  amount  through  2028.  Meanwhile,  operating  cash  flows  (EBITDA)  in  202 3 
increased by 6% to $11.8 million. Cash on the balance sheet plus an ability to generate significant 
cash  relative  to  the  amount  of  debt  that  comes  due  in  any  one  year  between  2023  and  2028  are 
important variables for Director considerations. Moreover, the Directors consider various scenar ios 
that may influence cash availability such as inflationary pressures, the threat of recession from rising 
interest  rates  and  the  use  of  cash  for  investments,  such  as  Salesforce.com  and  related  software 
applications, geared to create operational efficiencies that enhance future organic cash generation.    

The Directors conclude that the Group will have adequate cash resources both to pursue its growth plan 
and  to  accelerate  execution  if  it  so  chooses.  The  Directors  are  satisfied  that  the  Group  has  adequate 
resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future  and  accordingly,  continue  to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.     

Water Intelligence plc 
15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

Research & Development; Commercialization 
The Group’s focus is currently on reinvestment for commercialization of technology and technology -
based  products  not  pure  R&D.  Expenditure  on  pure  research,  all  of  which  is  undertaken  by  third 
parties not related to the Group, was $0 (2022: $0).  The Group has relationships at various leading 
universities such as Columbia and Yale to assist with pure research.  The Group remains committed 
to anticipate market demands and has spent money on product development during the year which 
has been capitalised.  

Dividends 
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2022: $nil).  

Share Price 
On  31  December  2023,  the  closing  market  price  of  Water  Intelligence  plc  ordinary  shares  was  405.0 
pence. The highest and lowest prices of these shares during the year to 31 December 2023 were 680.0 
pence and 312.0 pence respectively. 

 Capital Structure 
Details of the authorised and issued share capital are shown in Note  21. No person has any special 
rights of control over the Company’s share capital and all issued shares are fully paid. 

Future Developments 
Future developments are outlined throughout the Chairman’s Statement on pages 3-7. 

Financial Risk Management 
Financial  risk  management  is  outlined  in  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  section  of  the  Strategic 
Report on page 13.  

Subsequent Events 

On 9 May 2024, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Fresno, California franchise territory within 
the Group’s ALD franchise business.  As Fresno is located between the Bay Area and Los Angeles in 
the Central Valley of California, the reacquisition reinforces the Group’s strategy of establishing regional 
corporate hubs in the US that fuel growth in adjacent franchise locations.   The cash consideration for 
the acquisition is $2.9 million based on 2023 revenue of $1.8 million, adjusted profit before tax of $0.6 
million and the transfer of all operating assets to the Group.  

On 9 May 2024, the Group announced the sale of a new franchise for Albany and Saratoga, New 
York within the Group’s ALD franchise business.  Albany and Saratoga are key cities in upstate New 
York and comprise part of what is known as the Capital District of New York. The upfront 
consideration for launching this territory is $0.1 million.  ALD expects to receive royalty income from 
sales starting in July after the completion of training.  More broadly, in terms of ALD’s growth 
strategy, located between this new franchise location in Albany and ALD’s corporate location on the 
Canadian side of Niagara Falls, there are several large cities  – Buffalo, Syracuse, and Rochester – in 
upstate New York around which ALD can deliver future growth, whether through corpora te operations 
or selling more franchises. 

Water Intelligence plc 
16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

Directors 
The Directors who served the Company during the year and up to the date of this report were as 
follows: 

Executive Directors 
Patrick DeSouza – Executive Chairman 

Non-Executive Directors 
Laura Hills 
Bobby Knell   
Michael Reisman   Retired as of 6 November 2023 
C. Daniel Ewell  
Phil Meckley         Appointed as of 6 November 2023 

The biographical details of the Directors of the Company are set out on the Corporate Governance section 
of the report and on the Company’s website www.waterintelligence.co.uk  

Water Intelligence plc 
17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

Directors’ emoluments 

2023 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
Non-Executive Directors 
L Hills 
D Ewell 
B Knell 
M Reisman (retired 06/11/2023) 
P Meckley (appointed 06/11/2023) 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

$ 

$  

595,000 

28,000 

- 
- 
40,000 
- 
- 
635,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
28,000 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Total 

$ 

623,000 

- 
- 
40,000 
- 
- 
663,000 

* In lieu of cash compensation, to be added to the above table, all of the directors received a combination of stock options 
awards and fully paid-up shares. The value of the options awarded on 7 July 2023 at an exercise price of $6.35 to all directors 
in respect of their first half compensation was: P DeSouza $19.9k, L Hills $19.9K, D Ewell  $39.9k, B Knell $19.9k, M Reisman 
$19.9. In addition, in relation to their second half payments, as announced on 15 February 2024, certain directors were issue d 
fully paid-up Ordinary Shares and the value of these Ordinary Shares issued were: P DeSouza $37.5k, L Hills $37.5K, D 
Ewell $37.5k, P Meckley $10k.  

2022 

Executive Directors 
P DeSouza 
Non-Executive Directors 
L Hills 
D Ewell 
B Knell 
M Reisman 

Salary, Fees & 
Bonus 

Benefits  Redundancy  

$ 

591,473 

49,231 
- 
- 
- 

640,704 

$ 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

$  

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

Total 

$ 

591,473 

49,231 
- 
- 
- 

640,704 

*In lieu of cash compensation, all of the directors were awarded stock options with an exercise price of $8.18 as announced 
on 7, February 2023. (See Note 7) The value of the options is as follows:  P DeSouza $56k, L Hills $28k, D Ewell $28k, B 
Knell $56k, M Reisman $28k, for a total of $196k.   

Directors’ interests 
The Directors who held office at 31 December 2023 and subsequent to year end had the following direct 
interest in the voting rights of the Company at 31 December 2023 and at the date of this report, 
excluding the shares held by Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 

Patrick 
DeSouza*/** 
Laura Hills 
Bobby Knell 
Dan Ewell 
Phil Meckley 

Number of shares at 
31 December 2023 

% held at 31 
December 2023 

Number of shares at  
26 June 2024 

% held at 26 
June 2024 

4,867,110 

122,723 
27,000 
33,670 
- 

25.0 

0.7 
0.1 
0.2 
- 

Water Intelligence plc 
18 

4,874,760 

130,373 
27,000 
41,320 
2,050 

25.0 

0.7 
0.1 
0.2 
0.0 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

*Included in the total above, Patrick DeSouza has (i) 180,000 Partly Paid Shares (2016), (ii)  750,000 (March 2018) (iii) 
850,000 (May 2019) and (iv) 300,000 Partly Paid Shares (October 2020). These will not be admitted to trading or carry any 
economic rights until fully paid. 

*Patrick DeSouza and Michael Reisman are directors and shareholders in Plain Sight Systems, Inc.  
**Patrick DeSouza’s interests include 1,965,000 shares held by The Patrick J. DeSouza 2020 Irrevocable Trust U/A Dtd  
11/23/2020 and 605,936 shares held in The Patrick J. DeSouza GRAT #1 U/T/A Dtd 11/23/2020  

Share option schemes 
To provide incentive for the management and key employees  of the Group, the Directors  award stock 
options.  Details of the current scheme are set out in Note 7. 

Substantial Shareholders 
As well as the Directors’ interests reported above, the following interests of 3.0% and above as at the date 
of this report were as follows: 

Plain Sight Systems, Inc. 
Canaccord Genuity Group Inc. 
Berenberg Asset Management 
George D. Yancopoulos 
Amati AIM VCT 
Herald Investment Trust 

Number of shares  % held 
12.5 
2,430,410 
11.0 
2,134,432 
6.5 
1,259,992 
4.5 
880,920 
4.2 
814,660 
3.3 
642,526 

Corporate Responsibility 
The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate  resources  towards  monitoring  and  improving  compliance  with  existing  standards.  An 
Executive Director has responsibility for these areas at  Board level, ensuring that the Group’s policies 
are upheld and providing the necessary resources. 

Employees 
The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset.  

The  Group  is  committed  to  achieving  equal  opportunities  and  to  complying  with  relevant  anti-
discrimination  legislation.  It  is  established  Group  policy  to  offer  employees  and  job  applicants  the 
opportunity  to  benefit  from  fair  employment,  without  regard  to  their  sex,  sexual  orientation,  marital 
status, race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their 
careers. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as employees, 
both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. Communication 
with employees is effected through the  Board, the Group’s management briefings structure, formal and 
informal meetings and through the Group’s information systems. 

Independent Auditors 
Crowe U.K. LLP has expressed their willingness to continue in office. In accordance with section 489 of 
the Companies Act 2006, resolutions for their re-appointment and to authorise the Directors to determine 
the Independent Auditors’ remuneration will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.  

Statement of disclosure to the Independent Auditor 
Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has 
confirmed that: 

• 

so far as that Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the 
Group's auditor is unaware; and 

Water Intelligence plc 
19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Directors’ Report 

• 

that Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to  be 
aware  of  any  relevant  audit  information  and  to  establish  that  the  Company  and  the  Group's 
auditor is aware of that information. 

By order of the Board 

Patrick DeSouza 
Executive Chairman 
 26 June 2024 

Water Intelligence plc 
20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate Governance Statement 

As a Board, we believe that practicing good Corporate Governance is essential for building a successful 
and sustainable business in the long-term interests of all stakeholders. Water Intelligence’s shares are 
listed on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange. 

With effect from September 2018, Water Intelligence has adopted the QCA Corporate Governance Code. 
The Company has adopted a share dealing code for the Board and employees of the Company which is 
in conformity with the requirements of Rule 21 of the AIM Rules for Companies. The Company takes steps 
to ensure compliance by the Board and applicable employees with the terms of such code. 
The following pages outline the structures, processes and procedures by which the Board ensures that 
high standards of corporate governance are maintained throughout the Group. 

Further details can be found on our website at www.waterintelligence.co.uk/corporate-Board-and-
governance 

Takeovers and Mergers 
The Company is subject to The City Code on Takeovers and Mergers. 

Board 
The Board, chaired by Patrick DeSouza, comprises one executive and four non-executive directors and it 
oversees and implements the Company’s corporate governance program. As Chairman, Dr. DeSouza is 
responsible for the Company’s approach to corporate governance and the application of the principles of 
the QCA Code.   Dan Ewell, Bobby Knell and Phil Meckley are the Company’s independent directors. The 
Board is supported by two committees: audit and remuneration. The Board does not consider that it is of a 
size at present to require a separate nominations committee, and all members of the Board are involved in 
the appointment of new directors. 

Each Board member commits sufficient time to fulfil their duties and obligations to the Board and the 
Company. They are required to attend at least 4 Board meetings annually and join regular Board calls that 
take place between formal meetings and offer availability for consultation when needed. 

Board papers are sent out to all directors in advance of each Board meeting including management 
accounts and accompanying reports from those responsible. 

Meetings held during the period between 1 January 2023 and 31 December 2023 and the attendance of 
directors is summarized below: 

Patrick DeSouza 
Bobby Knell 
Michael Reisman       
Dan Ewell 
Laura Hills  
Phil Meckley 

Board meetings 
Possible (attended) 
6/6 
5/6 
3/4 
6/6 
6/6 
2/2 

Audit committee 
Possible (attended)  Possible (attended) 

Remuneration committee 

2/2 
2/2 

2/2 
2/2 

Board Committees 
The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee with delegated duties and 
responsibilities. 

(a) Audit Committee 
Dan  Ewell,  Non-Executive  Director,  is  Chairman  of  the  Audit  Committee.  The  other  member  of  the 
Committee is Laura Hills. The Audit Committee is responsible for ensuring that the financial performance, 
position and prospects for the Company are properly monitored, controlled and reported on and for meeting 
the auditors and reviewing their reports relating to accounts and internal controls. 

(b) Remuneration Committee 
Bobby Knell, Non-Executive Director, is Chairman of the Remuneration Committee. The other member of 
the Committee  is  Laura Hills. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing performance of 
Executive Directors and determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement with due regard for 
the  Combined  Code.  The  Remuneration  Committee  also  determines  the  payment  of  any  bonuses  to 
Executive Directors and the grant of options. 

Water Intelligence plc 
21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate Governance Statement 

The Company has adopted and operates a share dealing code for directors and senior employees on the 
same terms as the Model Code appended to the Listing Rules of the UKLA. 

Board Experience 
All five members of the Board bring complementary skill sets to the Board. One director is female and four 
are male. The Board believes that its blend of relevant experience, skills and personal qualities and 
capabilities is sufficient to enable it to successfully execute its strategy. In addition, the Board receives 
regular updates from, amongst others, its nominated adviser, legal counsel and company secretary in 
relation to key rule changes and corporate governance requirements, as well as regular liaison with audit 
firms both in the UK and the US in respect of key disclosure and accounting requirements for the Group, 
especially as accounting standards evolve. In addition, each new director appointment is required to 
receive AIM rule training from the Company’s nominated adviser at the time of their appointment. 

Patrick J. DeSouza, Executive Chairman 

Term of office: Appointed as Executive Chairman in July 2010. 

Background and suitability for the role: Dr. DeSouza has been Chairman of American Leak Detection 
since 2006 and Executive Chairman since its reverse merger to create Water Intelligence plc in 2010. He 
has 25 years of operating and advisory leadership experience with both public and private companies in 
the defence, software/Internet and asset management industries. Over the course of his career, Dr. 
DeSouza has had significant experience in corporate finance and cross-border mergers and acquisition 
transactions. He has practised corporate and securities law as a member of the New York and California 
bars. Dr. DeSouza has also worked at the White House as Director for Inter-American Affairs on the 
National Security Council. He is the author of Economic Strategy and National Security (2000). He is a 
graduate of Columbia College, the Yale Law School and Stanford Graduate School. 

Laura Hills, Non-Executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed 7 June 2021 as Executive Director but returned to non-executive director which 
she originally was appointed since 6 March 2018. 

Background and suitability for the role: Laura has more than 30 years’ experience as a legal professional, 
having spent 10 years working for Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), where she served as 
Associate General for the agency’s finance program, supervising a team of lawyers on all finance 
transactions ranging from micro-lending and small business to multi-creditor infrastructure project 
financing in emerging market countries. In 2002, Ms. Hills founded Hills, Stern & Morley LLP, an emerging 
markets legal firm based in Washington D.C. Laura sits on the Board of the Gerald Ford Presidential 
Foundation. Laura brings considerable expertise in negotiating on infrastructure and renewables related 
transactions globally. Moreover, Ms. Hills experience with non-profits assists the Board in fulfilling its 
responsibility to advance the mission of Water Intelligence to support underserved communities globally. 
Laura holds undergraduate, graduate and law degrees from Stanford University.  

Bobby Knell, Independent Non-Executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed 7 June 2021, having previously been an executive director, non-executive 
director since 12 March 2019. 

Background and suitability for the role: The ALD franchise business is central to the operations and value 
proposition of Water Intelligence. Bobby has served as a managing director at Water Intelligence 
responsible for franchise relations for the last four years.  Prior to this role, Bobby founded and grew the 
Dallas franchise of American Leak Detection into a multi-million dollar operation, an operation now run by 
his son.  His appointment furthers the alignment of strategy and interests between corporate operations 
and the core American Leak Detection franchise business. 

Water Intelligence plc 
22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate Governance Statement 

Michael Reisman, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 30 July 2010; retired 6 November 2023. 

Background and suitability for the role: Professor Reisman currently serves as Myres S. McDougal 
Professor of International Law at the Yale Law School, where he has been on the faculty since 1965 and 
has previously been a visiting professor in Tokyo, Berlin, Basel, Paris, Geneva and Hong Kong Professor 
Reisman is the President of the Arbitration Tribunal of the Bank for International Settlements and a 
member of the Advisory Committee on International Law of the Department of State. He has served as 
arbitrator and counsel in many international cases. He was also President of the Inter-American 
Commission on Human Rights of the Organization of American States. Because of his international legal 
experience and the growing multinational character of the Company, Professor Reisman leads matters of 
governance, corporate responsibility and remuneration. He is a graduate of Yale Law School. 

C. Daniel Ewell, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 8 April 2021 

Background and suitability for the role:  Dan Ewell is currently a Senior Advisor at Morgan Stanley, where 
he has worked as an investment banker for over 33 years. Prior to assuming his current role, Mr. Ewell 
served as Vice Chairman and Head of Western Region Investment Banking for Morgan Stanley. Dan has 
extensive experience in advising companies and helping them grow through capital raising and strategic 
transactions. His experience spans a range of sectors including consumer/retails, industrial, healthcare 
and media/technology, and included companies with franchised business models.  As the Group 
continues to scale its operations internationally, it has a need to broaden its institutional and strategic 
activity in capital markets. Mr. Ewell brings considerable expertise in this area.  He is a graduate of 
University of California, Berkeley, Yale Law School and Yale School of Management. 

Phillip Meckley, Independent Non-executive Director 

Term of office: Appointed as a non-executive director on 6 November 2023 

Background and suitability for the role:  Mr. Meckley currently owns fast-growing franchises in California 
and  Texas.  He  brings  over  twenty-five  years  of  operating  experience  in  growing  ALD  locations  and  has 
provided  significant  leadership  to  the  entire  franchise  System.  In  addition,  Phil  and  his  wife  Robin  have 
provided leadership with respect to ALD’s charitable efforts to help disadvantaged communities in various 
parts of the world solve water infrastructure issues, most recently in rural India. 

The Group has a non-Board Chief Financial Officer, Pat Lamarco Jr., who attends all Board meetings and 
reports regularly to the Board and assists in the preparation of Board materials and in reviewing the 
budget and ongoing performance.   

The Company Secretary is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are followed and that all 
applicable rules and regulations are complied with. Adrian Hargrave currently performs the role of 
Company Secretary, providing an advisory role to the Board. The Company Secretary is supported and 
guided in this role by the Company’s legal advisors. 

The Directors have access to the Company’s CFO, NOMAD, Company Secretary, lawyers and auditors 
as and when required and are able to obtain advice from other external bodies when necessary. 

Board Performance and Effectiveness 
The performance and effectiveness of the Board, its committees and individual Directors is reviewed by 
the Chairman and the Board an ongoing basis. Training is available should a Director request it, or if the 
Chairman feels it is necessary. The performance of the Board is measured by the Chairman and Dan 

Water Intelligence plc 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate Governance Statement 

Ewell, one of the non-executive directors, with reference to the Company’s achievement of its strategic 
goals. 

Risk Management 
The Directors recognise their responsibility for the Group’s system of internal control and have established 
systems to ensure that an appropriate and reasonable level of oversight and control is provided. The 
Group’s systems of internal control are designed to help the Group meet its business objectives by 
appropriately managing, rather than eliminating, the risks to those objectives. The controls can only 
provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Executive Chairman with the assistance of the Company Secretary and the Chief Financial Officer 
manages a risk register for the Group that identifies key risks in the areas of corporate strategy, financial, 
clients, staff, environmental and the investment community. The Board is provided with a copy of the 
register. The register is reviewed periodically and is updated as and when necessary. 

Within the scope of the annual audit, specific financial risks are also evaluated in detail, including in 
relation to foreign currency, interest rates, debt covenants, taxation and liquidity. 

The annual budget is reviewed and approved by the Board. Financial results, with comparisons to budget 
and latest forecasts are reported on a monthly basis to the Board together with a report on operational 
achievements, objectives and issues encountered. Significant variances from plan are discussed at Board 
meetings and actions set in place to address them. 

Approval levels for authorisation of expenditure are at set levels throughout the management structure 
with any expenditure in excess of pre-defined levels requiring approval from the Executive Chairman and 
the Chief Financial Officer. 

Measures continue to be taken to review and embed internal controls and risk management procedures 
into the business processes of the organisation and to deal with areas of improvement which come to the 
management’s and the Board’s attention. We expect the internal controls for the business to change as 
the business expands both geographically and in terms of product development. 

The Company’s auditors are encouraged to raise comments on internal control in their management letter 
following their audit, and the points raised and actions arising are monitored through to completion by the 
Audit Committee. 

Corporate Culture 
Corporate Responsibility 

The Board recognises its employment, environmental and health and safety responsibilities. It devotes 
appropriate resources towards monitoring and improving compliance with existing standards. There is a 
professional Human Resources Director.  Laura Hills is responsible for oversight at the Board level.  Ms. 
Hills ensures that the Group’s policies are upheld and providing the necessary resources. All members of 
the Board have significant experience in matters of public policy. 

Employees 

The Board recognises that the Group’s employees are its most important asset. 

The Group is committed to achieving equal opportunities and to complying with relevant anti-
discrimination legislation. It is established Group policy to offer employees and job applicants the 
opportunity to benefit from fair employment, without regard to their sex, sexual orientation, marital status, 
race, religion or belief, age or disability. Employees are encouraged to train and develop their careers. 
The Group has an employee handbook that is provided to all employees upon starting their employment 
within the Group. 

The Group has continued its policy of informing all employees of matters of concern to them as 
employees, both in their immediate work situation and in the wider context of the Group’s well-being. 

Water Intelligence plc 
24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Corporate Governance Statement 

In addition, all directors and senior employees are required to abide by the Group’s share dealing code, 
which was updated in 2016 to reflect changes made to legislation following the introduction of the Market 
Abuse Regulation. 

Audit Committee Annual Review 
The role of the Audit Committee is to monitor the quality of internal controls and check that the financial 
performance of the Group is properly assessed and reported on. It receives and reviews reports from the 
Chief Financial Officer, other members of management and external auditors relating to the interim and 
annual accounts and the accounting and internal control systems in use throughout the Group. The 
members of the Audit Committee are Dan Ewell (Chairman) and Laura Hills.  

The Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer are invited to attend parts of meetings, with other 
senior financial managers required to attend when necessary. The external auditors attend meetings to 
discuss the planning and conclusions of their work and meet with the members of the Committee. The 
Committee is able to call for information from management and consults with the external auditors directly 
as required. 

The objectivity and independence of the external auditors is safeguarded by reviewing the auditors’ formal 
declarations, monitoring relationships between key audit staff and the Company and tracking the level of 
non-audit fees payable to the auditors. 

The Committee met twice during the year, to review the 2023 annual accounts and the interim accounts to 
30 June 2023. The Committee reviewed with the independent auditor its judgements as to the 
acceptability of the Company’s accounting principles. 

Remuneration Committee Annual Review 
The Remuneration Committee convenes not less than once a year and during the year it met on two 
occasions. The Committee comprises Laura Hills and Bobby Knell, with Bobby Knell as Chairman. The 
Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing the performance of Executive Directors and 
determining the remuneration and basis of service agreement. The Remuneration Committee also 
determines the payment of any bonuses to Executive Directors and the grant of options. Where 
appropriate the Committee consults the Executive Chairman regarding its proposals. No Director plays a 
part in any discussion regarding his or her own remuneration. 

Relations with Shareholders 
The Company is available to hold meetings with its shareholders to discuss objectives and to keep them 
updated on the Company’s strategy, Board membership and management. 

The Board also welcome shareholders’ enquiries, which may be sent via the Company’s website 
www.waterintelligence.co.uk. 

Water Intelligence plc 
25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Directors’ Responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in accordance 
with the Companies Act 2006 and for being satisfied that the Financial Statements give a true and fair 
view. The Directors are also responsible for preparing the Financial Statements in accordance with UK 
adopted International Accounting Standards. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial period which give 
a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the 
Group for that period. In preparing those Financial Statements, the Directors are required to: 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;  

•  make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

• 

• 

state  whether  applicable  accounting  standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material 
departures disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; and 

prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company and the Group will continue in business. 

The Directors confirm that they have complied with the above requirements in preparing the 
Financial Statements. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that 
are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions, discl ose with reasonable accuracy 
at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group, and to enable them to ensure that 
the Financial Statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  

They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The  Directors  are  responsible  for  ensuring  the  Annual  Report  and  Financial  Statements  are  made 
available  on  a  website.  Financial  Statements  are  published  on 
the  Group's  website 
(www.waterintelligence.co.uk)  in  accordance  with  legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the 
preparation  and  dissemination  of  Financial  Statements,  which  may  vary  from  legislation  in  other 
jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of the Group's website is the responsibility of the Directors . 
The Directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing integrity of the Financi al Statements contained 
there.

Water Intelligence plc 
26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Opinion  

We have audited the financial statements of Water Intelligence plc (the “Parent Company”) and its 
subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2023, which comprise: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the Group statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2023; 
the Group and Parent Company statements of financial position as at 31 December 2023; 
the Group and Parent Company statements of changes in equity for the year then ended; 
the Group and Parent Company statements of cash flows for the year then ended; and 
the notes to the financial statements, including material accounting policies. 

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the financial statements is 
applicable law and UK-adopted international accounting standards. 

In our opinion the financial statements: 

• 

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company's affairs as at 
31 December 2023 and of the Group’s profit for the period then ended; 
have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting 
standards;  
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit 
of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, 
and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe 
that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis 
of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the directors’ 
assessment of the Group’s and Parent Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting included: 

• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

review and challenge of management’s business plan and cash flow forecasts covering a 
minimum of 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements; 
tested the mathematical accuracy of the model used by management in their assessment; 
discussed with management and evaluated their assessment of the group and the company’s 
liquidity requirement;  
assessed the reasonableness of management’s budget/forecasts, including comparison to 
actual results achieved in the year; and 
Assessing  the  completeness  and  accuracy  of  the  matters  described  in  the  going  concern 
disclosures within the significant accounting policies as set out in Note 3. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events 
or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group’s and Parent 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the 
financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in 
the relevant sections of this report. 

Water Intelligence plc 
27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Overview of our audit approach 

Materiality 

In planning and performing our audit we applied the concept of materiality. An item is considered material 
if it could reasonably be expected to change the economic decisions of a user of the financial statements. 
We used the concept of materiality to both focus our testing and to evaluate the impact of misstatements 
identified. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined overall materiality for the Group financial 
statements as a whole to be $370,000 (2022: $330,000), based on approximately 6% of Group profit 
before tax (2022: 6% of Group profit before tax).  

Materiality for the Parent Company financial statements was based on an asset-based figure which was 
restricted to $120,000 (2022: $100,000) for the parent. 

We use a different level of materiality (‘performance materiality’) to determine the extent of our testing for 
the audit of the financial statements.  Performance materiality is set based on the audit materiality as 
adjusted for the judgements made as to the entity risk and our evaluation of the specific risk of each audit 
area having regard to the internal control environment. This is set at £259,000 (2022: $231,000) for the 
group and $84,000 (2022: $70,000) for the parent. 

Where considered appropriate performance materiality may be reduced to a lower level, such as, for 
related party transactions and directors’ remuneration. 

We agreed with the Audit Committee to report to it all identified errors in excess of $18,500 (2022: 
$16,500). Errors below that threshold would also be reported to it if, in our opinion as auditor, disclosure 
was required on qualitative grounds. 

Overview of the scope of our audit 

The Group, parent company and UK subsidiaries are accounted for from a location in the UK, whilst its 
material US subsidiaries and Australian subsidiary are accounted for from the US. Our audit was 
conducted from the main operating location in the UK and component auditors were used to perform the 
audit work in the US.  We have planned, controlled, and reviewed the group audit under our direction. We 
have remotely reviewed the US work to carry out our review of component auditor working papers and 
have met with group management virtually.  

Key Audit Matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) that we identified. These matters included those 
which had the greatest effect on the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate 
opinion on these matters. 

This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit. 

Key audit matter 

Revenue recognition 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit 
matter 

Revenue is recognised in accordance 
with the accounting policy set out in the 
financial statements in Note 3. Revenue 
is a key performance indicator for the 
Group. 

Our audit procedures included: 

•  Evaluated the design and implementation of 

controls around revenue; 

Water Intelligence plc 
28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

Key audit matter 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit 
matter 

•  Evaluating that the accounting policies are 

appropriate and in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standard 15 ‘Revenue from 
Contract with Customers’ and performed audit 
procedures to provide evidence that revenue was 
accounted for in accordance with the policy as 
detailed in note 4; 

•  Testing a sample of revenue transaction across the 
operating companies of the Group across each 
revenue stream by agreeing amounts to supporting 
documentation to ensure that the transactions are 
correctly accounted for, that the performance 
obligations have been satisfied and to cash 
receipts; and 

•  Assessing the appropriateness of the related 
disclosures in the financial statements. 

Impairment on goodwill and 
indefinite life intangible assets 

We  reviewed  management’s  assessment  of  the  carrying 
value  of  the  group’s  intangible  assets.  Our  procedures 
included: 

The carrying value of goodwill and 
indefinite life intangible assets relates to 
goodwill on franchisor activities, goodwill 
on acquisitions and owned stores 
goodwill for which an annual impairment 
review is required to be performed. 
Recoverability of these involves 
judgement regarding the future 
performance of the cash generating 
units to which these assets are 
allocated, consequently, we consider 
their recoverability to have a higher risk 
of material misstatement 
This is set out in the financial statements 
in Note 3 and 13. 

•  Evaluated the design and implementation of 

controls around impairments; 

•  Reviewing the discounted cash-flow forecasts for 

the group and the relevant cash generating units to 
ensure that the cash generating units were 
appropriately identified and an assessment of the 
key assumptions, which principally included 
discount rate and growth rates as discussed in Note 
13; 

•  We have checked the arithmetic accuracy of the 

forecast;  

•  Applied stress tests to the model for reasonable 
possible changes in the assumptions; and 
•  Performed a shadow calculation of the discount 
rate using our internal valuation specialist. 

Our audit procedures in relation to these matters were designed in the context of our audit opinion as a 
whole. They were not designed to enable us to express an opinion on these matters individually and we 
express no such opinion. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. The other 
information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements 
and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other 

Water Intelligence plc 
29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form 
of assurance conclusion thereon. 

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information 
is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise 
appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material 
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the 
financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a 
material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to 
report in this regard. 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit  

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for 
which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with 
applicable legal requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent Company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or 
the directors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 
• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate 
for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records 
and returns; or 
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of the directors for the financial statements 

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 26, the directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and Parent 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the 
Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
Water Intelligence plc 
30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Independent Auditors’ report to the members of  

Water Intelligence plc 

irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud, is detailed below however the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of 
fraud lies with management and those charged with governance of the Parent Company. 

Based on our understanding of the Group and the Company and industry, discussions with management 
and directors we identified financial reporting standards and Companies Act 2006 as having a direct effect 
on the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  

•  As part of our audit planning process, we assessed the different areas of the financial statements, 
including disclosures, for the risk of material misstatement. This included considering the risk of 
fraud where direct enquiries were made of management and those charged with governance 
concerning both whether they had any knowledge of actual or suspected fraud and their 
assessment of the susceptibility of fraud. We considered the risk was greater in areas that involve 
significant management estimate or judgement. Based on this assessment we designed audit 
procedures to focus on the key areas of estimate or judgement, this included specific testing of 
journal transactions, both at the year end and throughout the year. 

•  We used data analytic techniques to assist in identifying any unusual transactions or unexpected 

relationships.  

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that some material 
misstatements of the financial statements may not be detected, even though the audit is properly planned 
and performed in accordance with the ISAs (UK). 

The potential effects of inherent limitations are particularly significant in the case of misstatement resulting 
from fraud because fraud may involve sophisticated and carefully organised schemes designed to conceal 
it, including deliberate failure to record transactions, collusion or intentional misrepresentations being 
made to us. 

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 
of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. 
To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the 
company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

John Charlton (Senior Statutory Auditor) 

for and on behalf of  

Crowe U.K. LLP 

Statutory Auditor 

London 

Date: 26 June 2024 

Water Intelligence plc 
31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

for the year ended 31 December 2023   

Notes 

4 

7 
13 

8 
9 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December    

2022 
$ 

75,974,552 

71,333,461 

(10,362,197) 

(9,659,600) 

65,612,355 

61,673,861 

59,422 
(571,970) 
(841,516) 
(57,074,745) 
) 
(58,428,809) 

130,405 
(462,097) 
(968,086) 
(53,528,825) 
) 
(54,828,603) 

7,183,546 
699,819 
(1,643,978) 

6,845,258 
229,550 
(1,570,592) 

6,239,387 

5,504,216 

10 

(1,605,585) 

(1,837,737) 

4,633,802 

3,666,479 

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Administrative expenses 

– Other income 
– Share-based payments 
– Amortisation of intangibles 
– Other administrative costs 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating profit 
Finance income 
Finance expense 

Profit before tax 

Taxation expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Other Comprehensive Income 
Subsequently reclassified to the P&L 
Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign 
operations 
Cash flow hedge movement 
Not subsequently reclassified to the P&L 
Fair value adjustment on listed equity investment (net of 
deferred tax) 

 Total comprehensive profit for the year 

Attributable to: 
Equity holders of the parent 
Non-controlling interests 

Profit per share attributable to equity holders of Parent  
Basic 
Diluted 

11 

11 

4,398,681 
235,121 

4,633,802 

3,566,540 
99,939 

3,666,479 

199,826 

(409,371) 

(171,912) 

448,177 

(21,927) 

(690,885) 

4,639,789 

3,014,400 

4,404,668 
235,121 
4,639,789 

2,914,461  
99,939  
3,014,400  

Cents 

Cents 

25.3 
24.7 

20.5 
19.2 

The results reflected above relate to continuing activities. 
The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
32 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2023 

Notes 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets 
Listed equity investment 
Other intangible assets 
Interest rate swap 
Property, plant and equipment 
Trade and other receivables 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Reverse acquisition reserve 
Equity investment reserve 
Cash flow hedge reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable to Non-Controlling 
interest 
Non-controlling Interest 

Non-current liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 
Deferred tax liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

13 
24 
13 
23 
14 
17 

16 
17 
18 
18 

21 
21 
21 

21 

22/23 
12 
20 

19 
22/23 
12 

2023 
$ 

2022 
$ 

49,791,203 
447,231 
7,840,157 
276,265 
10,538,135 
207,990 
69,100,981 

723,315 
11,063,253 
6,875,250 
8,882,627 
27,544,445 
96,645,426 

44,966,672 
474,613 
6,019,360 
448,177 
9,224,955 
287,572 
61,421,349 

759,070 
11,393,584 
- 
23,014,454 
35,167,108 
96,588,457 

143,192 
35,417,072 
(1,139,404) 
1,001,150 
2,254,347 
(1,305,037) 
(27,758,088) 
(666,140) 
276,265 
51,495,814 
59,719,171 

143,192 
35,417,072 
(1,139,404) 
1,001,150 
1,555,090 
(1,504,863) 
(27,758,088) 
(644,213) 
448,177 
47,097,133 
54,615,246 

610,375 

598,636 

12,510,867 
3,632,074 
2,618,605 
18,761,546 

15,334,813 
7,164,421 
1,915,581 
24,414,815 

5,997,028 
6,805,131 
4,752,175 
17,554,334 
96,645,426 

6,331,107 
5,519,560 
5,109,093 
16,959,760 
96,588,457 

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
     
     
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2023 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by the 
Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 26 June 2024. They were signed on its behalf by:    

Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman 

Water Intelligence plc 
34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Company Statement of Financial Position 

as at 31 December 2023 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Investment in subsidiaries 
 Trade and other receivables 
 Listed equity investment 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to holders of the parent 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Shares held in treasury  
Merger reserve 
Share based payment reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Equity investment reserve 
Retained earnings 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred tax liability 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

Notes 

2023 
$ 

2022 
$ 

15 
                       17 
                       24 

6,994,345 
22,673,254 
447,231 

6,626,279 
22,605,908 
474,613 

30,114,830 

29,706,800 

17 
18 

21 
21 
21 

4,620,777 
1,105,607 

5,726,384 

4,349,554 
1,384,624 

5,734,178 

35,841,214 

35,440,978 

143,192 
35,417,072 
(1,139,404) 
1,001,150 
2,254,347 
(2,585,747) 
(666,140) 
1,526,798 
35,951,268 

143,192 
35,417,072 
(1,139,404) 
1,001,150 
1,555,090 
(3,269,732) 
(644,213) 
2,406,266 
35,469,421 

                                       (190,069)          (174,698) 
77,943 
(174,698) 

        (190,069) 

19 

80,015 

146,255 

80,015 
35,841,214 

146,255 
35,440,978 

The loss for the financial year in the financial statements of the parent Company was $879,468 (2022: 
loss $748,659), which related entirely to Plc costs. 

The financial statements of Water Intelligence plc, company number 03923150, were approved by 
the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 26 June 2024. They were signed on its behalf by:    

Patrick De Souza  
Executive Chairman  

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements. 

Water Intelligence plc 
35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

Shares 
held in 
Treasury 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Reverse 
Acquisition 
Reserve 
$ 

Equity 
Investment  
Reserve 
$ 

Cash 
Flow 
Hedge  
Reserve 
$ 

Retained  
Earnings  
$ 

Non-
controlling 
interest 
$ 

Total 
$ 

Total 
Equity 
$ 

As at 1 January 2022 

142,260  35,252,633 

(468,427)  1,001,150  1,092,993 

(1,095,492) 

(27,758,088) 

46,672 

-  43,552,575  51,766,276 

612,528  52,378,804 

Options exercised 
Share-based payment 
expense 
Share buyback 

Purchase non-controlling 
interest 

Dividend paid to non-
controlling interest 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive 
income 

Share-based payment 
expense 
Options granted as part of 
purchase price 
Options granted in lieu of 
board fees 

Contribution from non-
controlling interest 

Distribution to non-
controlling interest 

Profit for the year 
Other comprehensive 
income 

932 

164,439 

(584,151) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-                    
--    

             -     462,097 

                -                        -    

-                  
-    
- 

- 

- 

-    

- 

- 

- 

-                  
-    
-                  
-    

-    

-    

(86,826) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-                    
-    
-                    
-    

- 

-    

- 

- 

- 

-    

-    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                -                        -    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(418,780) 

                -    

462,097 

- 

(86,826) 

- 

- 

- 

(418,780) 

462,097 

(86,826) 

(21,983) 

(21,983) 

(76,017) 

(98,000) 

- 

- 

(37,812) 

(37,812) 

3,566,541 

3,566,541 

99,937 

3,666,478 

(409,371) 

                  -    

(690,885) 

448,177 

- 

(652,079) 

- 

(652,079) 

As at 31 December 2022 

143,192  35,417,072 

(1,139,404)  1,001,150  1,555,090 

(1,504,863) 

(27,758,088) 

(644,213) 

448,177  47,097,133  54,615,246 

598,636  55,213,882 

As at 1 January 2023 

143,192  35,417,072 

(1,139,404)  1,001,150  1,555,090 

(1,504,863) 

(27,758,088) 

(644,213) 

448,177  47,097,133  54,615,246 

598,636  55,213,882 

-                  
-    

-    

-                    
--    

             -     571,970 

                -                        -    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-                  
-    
-                  
-    

-    

-    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-                    
-    
-                    
-    

- 

-    

67,287 

60,000 

- 

- 

-    

-    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                -                        -    

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

                -    

571,970 

- 

- 

- 

- 

67,287 

60,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

571,970 

67,287 

60,000 

73,500 

73,500 

(296,882) 

(296,882) 

4,398,681 

4,398,681 

235,121 

4,633,802 

As at 31 December 2023 

143,192  35,417,072 

(1,139,404)  1,001,150  2,254,347 

(1,305,037) 

(27,758,088) 

(666,140) 

276,265  51,495,814  59,719,171 

610,375  60,329,546 

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
36 

199,826 

                  -    

(21,927) 

(171,912) 

- 

5,987 

- 

5,987 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                   
                
               
                   
                    
               
 
 
 
 
                   
                
               
                   
                    
               
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Share 
Capital  
$ 

Share 
Premium 
$ 

Shares held 
in Treasury 
$ 

Merger 
Reserve 
$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
reserve 
$ 

Equity 
Investment 
Reserve 
$ 

Retained 
(Losses)/ 
Earnings  
$ 

Total Equity 
$ 

142,260 

35,252,633 

(468,427) 

1,001,150 

1,092,993 

(1,834,431) 

46,672 

3,154,925 

38,387,775 

932 

164,439 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-    

- 

- 

- 

(584,151) 
- 

(86,826) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

462,097 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(418,780) 

462,097 

(86,826) 

(748,659) 

(748,659) 

(1,435,301) 

(690,885) 

- 

(2,126,186) 

143,192 

35,417,072 

(1,139,404) 

1,001,150 

1,555,090 

(3,269,732) 

(644,213) 

2,406,266 

35,469,421 

143,192 

35,417,072 

(1,139,404) 

1,001,150 

1,555,090 

(3,269,732) 

(644,213) 

2,406,266 

35,469,421 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-    

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

67,287 

60,000 

571,970 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

67,287 

60,000 

571,970 

(879,468) 

(879,468) 

683,985 

(21,927) 

- 

662,058 

143,192 

35,417,072 

(1,139,404) 

1,001,150 

2,254,347 

(2,585,747) 

(666,140) 

1,526,798 

35,951,268 

As at 1 January 2022 

Options exercised 

Share-based payment expense 

Share buyback 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

As at 31 December 2022 

As at 1 January 2023 

Options granted as part of purchase price 

Options granted in lieu of board fees 

Share-based payment expense 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive loss 

As at 31 December 2023 

 The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owners’ equity:  

Share capital 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value.  

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Shares held in treasury 

Amounts received for buyback of shares 

Merger reserve 

Non-distributable reserve arising on reverse acquisition. 

Share based payment reserve 

Amounts recognised for the fair value of share options granted in accordance with IFRS 2.  

Foreign exchange reserve 

Foreign exchange differences on re-translation. 

Equity investment reserve 

Fair value adjustments on the listed equity investment (net of deferred tax).  

Retained profits/(losses) 

Cumulative net profits/(losses) recognised in the Financial Statements. 

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements  

Water Intelligence plc 
37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Year ended     

31 December 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 

2023                  

Cash flows from operating activities  
Profit before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets 
Share based payments 
Finance costs 
Finance income 

$ 

$              

6,239,387 

5,504,216 

3,745,773 
841,516 
571,970 
1,643,978 
(699,819) 

3,236,683 
968,086 
462,097 
1,570,591 
(229,550) 

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 

12,342,805 

11,512,123 

Decrease / (Increase) in inventories 
Decrease / (Increase) in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease) / Increase in trade and other payables 

Cash generated by operations 

Income taxes paid 

Net cash generated from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
Disposal of plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Reacquisition of franchises 
Purchase of investments 
Purchase of listed equity investment 
Purchase of non-controlling interest 
Finance income 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Share buyback 
Options exercised 
Dividend paid to non-controlling interest 
Contribution from non-controlling interest 
Distribution to non-controlling interest 
Finance costs 
Proceeds from borrowings 
Repayment of borrowings  
Repayment of notes 
Repayment of lease liabilities 

Net cash (used) from financing activities 

Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

35,755 
409,913 
(490,886) 

(81,852) 
(2,820,793) 
1,932,825 

12,297,587 

10,542,303 

(897,106) 

(1,670,816) 

11,400,481 

8,871,487 

(1,269,867) 
191,178 
(3,370,700) 
- 
(4,203,500) 
(6,875,250) 
- 
- 
699,818 

(1,202,705) 
- 
(2,424,395) 
(3,850,000) 
(1,600,000) 
- 
(153,700) 
(98,000) 
229,550 

(14,828,321) 

(9,099,250) 

- 
- 
- 
73,500 
(296,882) 
(1,360,057) 
2,811,353 
(4,986,658) 
    (5,229,265) 
(1,715,978) 

(86,826) 
(418,780) 
(37,812) 
- 
- 
(1,202,378) 
12,356,696 
(3,815,204) 
    (5,759,978) 
(1,595,853) 

(10,703,987) 

(560,135) 

(14,131,827) 
23,014,454 
8,882,627 

(787,898) 
23,802,352 
23,014,454 

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements 

Water Intelligence plc 
38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Company Statement of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2023 

Cash flows from operating activities  
Loss before tax 
Adjustments for non-cash/non-operating items: 
Share based payment expense 
Operating cash flows before movements in working capital 
(Increase)/Decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase/(Decrease) in trade and other payables 

Cash used by operations 

Income taxes paid 
Net cash used by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of listed equity investment 
Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Share buyback 

Options exercised 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Year ended  
31 December 
2023 
$ 

Year ended  
31 December 
2022 
$ 

(879,468) 

(748,659) 

571,970 
(307,498) 
(271,281) 
299,762 

(279,017) 

- 
(279,017) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

462,097 
(286,562) 
1,096,473 
(631,779) 

178,132 

- 
178,132 

(153,700) 
(153,700) 

(86,826) 

(418,780) 

(505,606) 

(Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

(279,017) 

(481,174) 

1,384,624 

1,105,607 

1,865,798 

1,384,624 

The accompanying notes on pages 40 to 76 are an integral part of these financial statements  

Water Intelligence plc 
39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

1 

General information 

The Group is a leading provider of minimally invasive, leak detection and remediation services for potable 
and non-potable water. The Group’s strategy is to be a “One-stop Shop” of water leak and repair solutions 
(services and products) for residential, commercial and municipal customers. 

The  Company  is  a  public  limited  company  limited  by  shares.  Domiciled  in  the  United  Kingdom  and 
incorporated under registered number 03923150 in England and Wales. The Company’s registered office 
is 27-28 Eastcastle Street, London W1W 8DH. 

The  Company  is  listed  on  AIM  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  These  Financial  Statements  were 
authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 26 June 2024. 

2 

Adoption of a new International Financial Reporting Standards 

No new standards and interpretations adopted by the UK endorsement board had a significant impact on 
the consolidated financial statements.  

Standards, amendments, and interpretations to published standards not yet effective   

The Directors have considered those standards and interpretations, which have not been applied in the 
financial statements but are relevant to the Group’s operations, that are in issue but not yet effective and 
do not consider that they will have a material impact on the future results of the Group  

3 

Material accounting policies 

Basis of preparation 
These Financial Statements of the Group and Company are prepared on a going concern basis, under 
the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments at fair value and in accordance with 
UK  adopted  International  Accounting  Standards  (IFRS).  The  Parent  Company’s  Financial  Statements 
have also been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standards as applied 
by the Companies Act 2006. 

The  preparation  of  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  management  to  make 
judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of 
assets and liabilities, income and expenses. 

The  estimates  and  associated  assumptions  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  factors  that  are 
believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  the  results  of  which  form  the  basis  of  making 
judgements  about  carrying  values  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  readily  apparent  from  other 
sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The Financial Statements are presented in US Dollars ($), rounded to the nearest dollar.  

Going concern 
The Directors have prepared a business plan and cash flow forecast for the period to December 2025. The 
forecast  contains  certain  assumptions  about  the  level  of  future  sales  and  the  level  of  margins  achievable. 
These assumptions are the Directors’ best estimate of the future development of the business.  The Group 
generates  increasing  levels  of  cash  driven  by  its  profitable  and  growing  US-based  business,  ALD.  The 
Directors also note that the Group has diversified its operations further with growth in WII.  Moreover, after 
oversubscribed capital raises in July and November 2021 and expansion of its credit facilities in December 
2023 the Directors believe that funding will be available on a case-by-case basis for additional initiatives. 

Water Intelligence plc 
40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Cash and cash investments at 31 December 2023 was $15.8 million.  At 31 December 2023, total debt 
(borrowings and deferred consideration from franchise acquisitions) was $2 2.8 million with amortisation 
of such amount through 2028. Meanwhile, operating cash flows (EBITDA) in 2023 increased by  6% to 
$11.8 million (2022: $11.1 million). Cash on the balance sheet plus an ability to generate significant cash 
relative  to  the  amount  of debt  that  comes  due  in  any  one  year  between  2023  and  2028  are  important 
variables  for  Director  considerations.  Moreover,  the  Directors  consider  various  scenarios  that  may 
influence cash availability such as inflationary pressures, the threat of recession from rising interest rates 
and the use of cash for investments, such as Salesforc e.com and related software applications, geared 
to create operational efficiencies that enhance organic cash generation.  

The Directors conclude that the Group will have adequate cash resources both to pursue its growth plan and 
to accelerate execution if it so chooses. The Directors are satisfied that the Group has adequate resources to 
continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future  and  accordingly,  continue  to  adopt  the  going 
concern basis in preparing the financial statements.       

Basis of consolidation 
The Group financial statements consolidate the accounts of Water Intelligence plc and all of its subsidiary 
undertakings  made  up  to  31  December  2023.  The Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income 
includes the results of all subsidiary undertakings for the period from the date on which control passes. 
Control is achieved where the Group (or one of its subsidiary undertakings) obtains the power to govern 
the financial and operating policies of an investee entity so as to derive benefits from its activities.  

The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. 
The cost of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued 
and  liabilities  incurred  or assumed  at  the  date  of  exchange.  Identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities 
and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at 
the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any  non-controlling interest. The excess of the cost of 
acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as 
goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, 
the difference is recognised directly in the income statement. 

The acquisition of ALDHC in 2010 was accounted for as a reverse acquisition. The assets and liabilities 
revalued at their fair value on acquisition therefore related to the Company. Both a merger reserve and 
a  reverse  acquisition  reserve  were  created  to  enable  the  presentation  of  a  conso lidated  statement  of 
financial position which combines the equity structure of the legal parent with the reserves of the legal 
subsidiary. 

Inter-company transactions and balances and unrealised gains or losses on transactions between Group 
companies are eliminated in full. 

Parent Company income statement – UK head office only 
The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 in not presenting its own 
Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income.  The  Company’s  loss  after  tax  for  the  year  ended  31  December 
2023 is $879,468 (2022: $748,659).  

Inventories 
The inventories, consisting primarily of equipment, parts, and supplies, are recorded at the lower of cost 
(FIFO) or net realisable value. 

Taxation 
Income tax expense represents the sum of the current tax and deferred tax charge for the year.  

Current tax 
The  tax  currently  payable  is  based  on  taxable  profit  for  the  year.  Taxable  profit  differs  from  profit  as 
reported  in  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  because  it  excludes  items  of  income  or  expense 
that  are  taxable  or  deductible  in  other  periods  and  it  further  excludes  items  that  are  never  taxable  or 
deductible.  The  Group’s  and  Company's  liability  for current  tax  is  calculated  using  tax  rates  that  have 
been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end. 

Water Intelligence plc 
41 

 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Deferred tax 
Deferred income taxes are provided in full, using the liability method, for all temporary differences arising 
between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Financial Statements. 
Deferred income taxes are determined using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted 
and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the related deferred 
income tax liability is settled. 

The principal temporary differences arise from depreciation or amortisation charged on assets and tax 
losses  carried  forward.  Deferred  tax  assets  relating  to  the  carry  forward  of  unused  tax  losses   are 
recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the 
unused tax losses can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance 
sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profits will be  available to 
allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. 

Foreign currencies 

Functional and presentational currency 

(i) 
Items  included  in  the  Financial  Statements  are  measured  using  the  currency  of  the  primary  economic 
environment in which each entity operates  

Transactions and balances 
Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated  into  the  functional  currency  using  the  exchange  rates 
prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the 
settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year end exchange rates of moneta ry assets 
and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the income statement.  

(ii)  Group Companies 
The results and financial position of all the  Group entities that have a functional currency different from 
the presentational currency are translated into the presentational currency as follows:  

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at closing rate 
at the date of the statement; 

the income and expenses are translated at average  exchange rates for period where there is no 
significant fluctuation in rates, otherwise a more precise rate at a transaction date is used; and  

all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. 

Leases   
 The Group recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.  The right of 
use lease is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any 
lease payments made at or before commencement date plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate 
of costs to  dismantle  and remove  the underlying  asset.  The right-of-use asset  is subsequently  depreciated 
using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier  of the end of the useful life of the 
right-of-use asset or the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term.  The lease 
liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement 
date discounted using the Group incremental borrowing rate. 

Nature of the Business 
Water Intelligence plc operates through two wholly-owned subsidiaries: American Leak Detection (ALD) and 
Water  Intelligence  International  (WII).  Both  subsidiaries  provide  precision  water  leak  detection  and  repair 
services.  The services that are performed for various customers are discrete activities - locating a water leak 
or fixing a leak.  The services are not bundled.  Each service has a price established in a rate book. Depending 
on customer preference, a service technician may stop after locating the leak. The customer would pay a fee 
for that service.  Or following the  leak detection service, the technician may also provide repair services for 
separate fee depending on what is contracted for by the customer.  Service jobs are typically short in duration, 
usually 1-2 hours for a leak detection service.  ALD delivers these services through corporate locations and 
franchise locations across the United States and in Canada and Australia.  WII operates outside the United 
States, mainly in the UK, and delivers services only through corporate locations.   

Water Intelligence plc 
42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Customers and Sources of Revenue 

Residential.   
Both ALD and WII provide services to residential customers.  Service technicians, whether from franchise-
operated locations or corporate-operated locations, provide services to homeowners.  When the service is 
delivered, the homeowner is invoiced immediately upon completion of the service. The price of the service 
is a fixed call-out charge for the technician to come to the house and an hourly charge based on the time 
it takes to find the leak. Revenue is recognized upon completion of the service.  

Business-to-Business.   
ALD  has  written  national  contracts  with  nationwide  insurance  companies.    The  insurance  company,  as 
ALD’s  customer,  receives  claims  from  homeowners  or  property  management  for  water -related  damage.  
The  insurance  company  contracts  directly  with  ALD  headquarters.  ALD  headquarters,  as  the  principal, 
takes  liability  risk  for  performance  of  the  service  jobs  and  for  providing  to  insurance  companies  certain 
management services.  A national price book is established as part of the national contract.  After the leak 
detection service is performed, report from ALD headquarters is delivered to the insurance company and 
the insurance company is also invoiced for the job. Service is deemed complete upon delivery of the report 
and invoice. Revenue is recognized upon delivery of the report and invoice.   

Municipal.   
WII headquarters or ALD headquarters will contract with a municipality to provide leak detection services.  
Such  leak  detection  services  largely  consist  of  surveying  kilometers  of  pipe.    During  such  surveys,  a 
designated distance is covered each day with a daily rate per technician per kilometer covered.  A report 
is prepared for the municipality weekly. When the report is delivered, the service is deemed complete with 
respect  to  the  distance  covered.    The  municipality  will  be  billed  for  the  week’s  work  whe n  the  report  is 
conveyed.  Revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the report.  

Franchise Sales, Equipment and On-going Royalty Payments.   
ALD is a franchisor and leak detection services are delivered not only by corporate -operated locations but 
also by ALD’s franchise System.  Franchisees are independently owned and operated.   

The  franchise  System  has  the  following  characteristics  for  revenue  recognition.  ALD  sells  franchises  to 
third  parties.    A  franchise  is  an  exclusive  territory  in  which  a  franchisee  is  authorized  to  deliver  ALD 
services, mainly leak detection and repair.  ALD headquarters provides training and advice to support the 
delivery of services by franchisees.  

The franchise sale is documented by means of a ten-year license agreement that is renewable for ten-year 
increments based on certain conditions derived from franchisee performance. The agreement has three 
main components.  First, the agreement provides for the payment of an upfront fee in exchange for the 
exclusive territory and training.  The upfront fee is non-refundable. ALD revenue is recognized with respect 
to most of the upfront fee at the Closing of the franchise sale. The remaining portion of the up front fee is 
recognized as revenue over time using a straight-line method to reflect the delivery of franchisor services 
over  the  ten-year  period.  Second,  the  franchise  agreement  provides  that  the  franchisee  may  purchase 
proprietary equipment from ALD and more general equipment from ALD-approved third parties. There is a 
price book. ALD revenue is recognized upon the delivery of equipment to franchisees  and an invoice for 
the equipment. Third, in accordance with the franchise license agreement, each franchi se pays a royalty 
fee to ALD each month based on a percentage of the franchisee’s gross sales for that month.  Each month, 
a franchise files a royalty report and pays the royalty amount. ALD revenue is recognized upon the receipt 
of the royalty report. 

In  respect  of  the  sale  of  franchise  territories,  the  Group  will  monitor  on  an  ongoing  basis  the  correct 
apportionment for each such sale between recognition of upfront fees and fees which are deferred over 
the length of the franchise agreement. This year such sales were not a material part of the Group’s revenue 
or income. 

Water Intelligence plc 
43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

 Financial instruments 
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position when 
the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.   

Investments  in  equity  instruments  are  initially  designated  at  FVTOCI  and  are  initially  measured  at  fair 
value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising 
from  changes  in  fair  value  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  accumulated  in  the 
investment’s  revaluation  reserve.  The  cumulative  gain  or  loss  is  not  reclassified  to  profit  or  loss  on 
disposal of the equity investments, instead, it is transferred to retained earnings.  

The Group enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate, 
including interest rate swaps. 
Derivatives are recognised initially at fair value at the date a derivative contract is entered into and are 
subsequently  remeasured  to  their  fair  value  at  each  reporting  date.  The  resulting  gain  or  loss  is 
recognised in profit or loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging 
instrument,  in  which  event  the  timing  of  the  recognition  in  profit  or  loss  depends  on  the  nature  of  the 
hedge relationship. 

Loans and receivables 
Trade  receivables,  loans, and  other  receivables  held  with  the  objective  to  collect  the  contractual  cash 
flows are classified as subsequently measured at amortised cost. These are initially measured at fair value 
plus transaction costs. At each period end, there is an assessment of the expected credit loss in accordance 
with IFRS 9, with any increase or reduction in the credit loss provision charged or released to other selling 
and administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, and other short 
term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses  (ECLs) for all debt instruments not held 
at fair value through profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows 
due in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Group expects to receive, discounted 
at an approximation of the original effective interest rate. The expected cash flows will include cash flows 
from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to the contractual terms.  

The  Group  always recognises  lifetime  ECLs  for  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets.  ECLs  on  these 
financial  assets  are  estimated  using  a  provision  matrix  based  on  the  Group’s  historical  credit  loss 
experience,  adjusted  for  factors  that  are  specific  to  the  debtors,  general  economic  conditions  and  an 
assessment of both the current as well as the forecast conditions at the reporting date, including time 
value of money where appropriate. 

For all other financial instruments, the Group recognises lifetime ECL when there has been a significant 
increase in credit risk since initial recognition. However, if the credit risk on the financial instrument has 
not  increased  significantly  since  initial  recognition,  the  Group  measures  the  loss  allowance  for  that 
financial instrument at an amount equal to 12‑month ECL. 

Financial liabilities  
Financial liabilities, including borrowings, are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs and 
are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.  

Water Intelligence plc 
44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Equity instruments 
An equity instrument is any instrument with a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting 
all  of  its  liabilities.  Equity  instruments  (ordinary  shares)  are  recorded  at  the  proceeds  received,  net  of 
direct issue costs. 

Derecognition of financial liabilities 
The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group’s obligations are discharged, 
cancelled or they expire. 

Property, plant and equipment 
All property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as 
follows: 

Equipment and displays: 
Motor vehicles: 
Leasehold improvements: 

5 to 7 years 
5 years 
7 years or lease term, whichever is shorter 

The  asset’s  residual  values  and  economic  lives  are  reviewed,  and  adjusted  if  appropriate,  at  each 
reporting date. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the 
asset’s carrying amount is  greater than its estimated recoverable amount. Assets that are no longer of 
economic use to the business are retired. 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and 
are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the income statement.  

Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration over the fair values of the identifiable 
net assets acquired. 

Goodwill arising on acquisitions is not subject to amortisation but is subject to annual impairment testing. 
Any impairment is recognised immediately in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income and 
not subsequently reversed. 

Other intangible assets 
Intangible assets are recorded as separately identifiable assets and recognised at historical cost less any 
accumulated  amortisation.  These  assets  are  amortised  over  their  definite  useful  economic  lives  on  the 
straight-line method. 

Amortisation  is  computed using  the  straight-line  method  over the  estimated  definite  useful  lives  of  the 
assets as follows: 

Covenants not to compete 
Customer lists 
Salesforce CRM platform 
Trademarks 
Patents 
Product development 

Years 

1-6 
5 
5 
20 
10 
4 

Any amortisation is included within administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, 
either  individually  or  at  the  cash-generating  unit  level.  The  assessment  of  indefinite  life  is  reviewed 
annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful 
life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis. 

Water Intelligence plc 
45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The asset’s residual values and economic lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance 
sheet  date.  An  asset’s  carrying  amount  is  written  down  immediately  to  its  recoverable  amount  if  the 
asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.  

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and 
are recognised within other (losses) or gains in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.  

Research and development 
Research  expenditure  is  recognised  as  an  expense  when  incurred.  Costs  incurred  on  development 
projects (relating  to the  design  and  testing  of  new or  improved  products)  are  recognised  as  intangible 
assets when the following criteria are fulfilled. 

• 

It is technically feasible to complete the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or resale;  

•  Management intends to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

There is an ability to use or sell the intangible; 

It can be demonstrated how the intangible asset will generate possible future economic benefits;  

Adequate technical, financial and other resource to complete the development and to use or sell the 
intangible asset are available; and 

The expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development can be reliably measured. 

Other  development  expenditures  that  do  not  meet  these  criteria  are  recognised  as  an  expense  in  the 
period incurred. Development costs previously recognised as an expense are not recognised as an asset 
in  a  subsequent  period.  Capitalised  development  costs  are  recorded  as  intangible  assets  and  are 
amortised from the point at which they are ready for use on a straight-line basis over the asset’s estimated 
useful life. 

Segment reporting 
A business segment is a group of assets and operations engaged in providing products or services that is 
subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other business segments.   

Impairment reviews 
Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortisation  and  depreciation  are  reviewed  for  impairment  when  events  or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. Assets that are 
not subject to amortisation and depreciation are reviewed on an annual basis at each year end and, if there 
is  any  indication  that  an  asset  may  be  impaired,  its  recoverable  amount  is  estimated.  The  recoverable 
amount is the higher of its net selling price and its value in use. Any impairment loss arising f rom the review 
is charged to the Statement of Comprehensive Income whenever the carrying amount of the asset exceeds 
its recoverable amount. 

Share based payments 
The Group has made share-based payments to certain Directors and employees and to certain advisers by 
way of issue of share options. The fair value of these payments is calculated either using the Black Scholes 
option pricing model or by reference to the fair value of any fees or remuneration settled by way of granting of 
options. The expense is recognised on a straight-line basis over the period from the date of award to the date 
of vesting, based on the best estimate of the number of shares that will eventually vest. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The  preparation  of  Financial  Statements  in  conformity  with  UK  adopted  International  Accounting 
Standards.requires the use of judgements together with accounting estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the 
reporting period. Although these judgements and estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of 
current events and actions, the resulting accounting treatment estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the 
related actual results.  

The key judgements in respect of the preparation of the financial statements are in respect of the accounting 
for  acquisitions,  determination  of  separately  identifiable  assets  on  acquisition,  the  determination  of  cash 
generating units, the evaluation of segmental information, the evaluation of whether there is any indication 

Water Intelligence plc 
46 

 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

of  any  impairment  in  investments,  intangibles,  goodwill  or  receivables  and  whether  deferred  tax  assets 
should be recognized for tax losses. 

The estimates and assumptions that have a risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities within the next financial year are the fair value of assets arising on acquisition (see note 
12), carrying value of the goodwill, the carrying value of the other intangibles  (see note 13) and the carrying 
value of the investments. Please see relevant notes for these areas. 

4 

Segmental Information 

In the opinion of the Directors, the operations of the Group currently comprise five operating segments, being 
(i) Franchise royalty income, (ii) Franchise-related activities (including product and equipment sales, business-
to-business sales and sales of franchises), (iii) US corporate operated locations, (iv) International corporate 
operated locations and (v) Head office costs.  Information reported to the Group’s Chief Operating Decision 
Maker  (being  the  Executive  Chairman),  for  the  purpose  of  resource  allocation  and  assessment  of  division 
performance is now separated into the four income generating segments (items (i) to (iv)), and items that do 
not fall into these segments have been categorized as unallocated head office costs (v). 

The  Group  mainly  operates  in  the  US,  with  operations  in  the  UK  and  certain  other  countries   especially 
Canada  and  Australia.  No  single  customer  accounts  for  more  than  10%  of  the  Group's  total  external 
revenue. 

The following is an analysis of the Group’s revenues and  profits from operations and assets by business 
segment. 

Revenue 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Profit/(Loss) before tax 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Unallocated head office costs  
Non-core costs 
Total 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2023 

$ 

6,738,816 
11,163,422 
50,459,736 
7,612,578 

75,974,552 

2022 

$ 

6,746,928 
10,624,268 
47,296,711 
6,665,554 

71,333,461 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2023 

$ 

2,156,421 
925,126 
8,411,622 
443,180 
(4,627,640) 
(1,069,322) 
6,239,387 

2022 

$ 

1,956,609 
964,667 
8,252,651 
85,599 
(4,915,011) 
(840,299) 
5,504,216 

Water Intelligence plc 
47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Assets 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Amortisation 

US corporate operated locations 
International corporate operated locations 
Total 

Depreciation 

Franchise royalty income 
Franchise related activities 
US corporate operated locations                                                  
International corporate operated locations 

Total 

Finance Expense 

US corporate operated locations 
International corporate activities 
Unallocated head office costs 
Total 

Geographic Information 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2023 

$ 

24,761,073 
3,028,788 
52,394,708 
16,460,857 

96,645,426 

2022 

$ 

29,945,794 
3,166,036 
47,356,148 
16,120,479 

96,588,457 

Year ended 

Year ended 

31 December 

31 December 

2023 

$ 

797,292 
44,224 
841,516 

2022 

$ 

942,911 
25,175 
968,086 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 

$ 

- 
- 
3,185,141 
560,632 

3,745,773 

$ 

- 
- 
2,665,878 
570,805 

3,236,683 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$ 

716,739 
15,603 
911,636 
1,643,978 

756,164 
11,282 
803,146 
1,570,592 

As noted herein, the Group has two wholly-owned subsidiaries – ALD and WII.  ALD, the Group’s core 
business, has US franchise-operated and corporate-operated locations and international franchises in 
Australia and Canada. Meanwhile, WII has corporate -operated activities outside the US.  We may 
also regroup the same information into US and Outside the US to capture the Group’s effort to be 
multinational company.  For 2023, outside the US sales have grown 15% to $7.7 million (2022: $6.7 
million). Sales in the US have grown 5% to $68.3 million (2022: $64.5 million). The percentage of 
International sales to total sales has increased to 10% (2022: 9%). 

Water Intelligence plc 
48 

 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
                                                                                                
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Total Revenue 

Year ended 31 December 2023 

Year ended 31 December 2022 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

US 
$ 

International 
$ 

Total 
$ 

6,638,442 

100,374 

6,738,816 

6,636,512 

110,416 

6,746,928 

11,163,422 

-  11,163,422  10,624,268 

-  10,624,268 

50,459,736 

-  50,459,736  47,296,711 

-  47,296,711 

- 

7,612,578 

7,612,578 

- 

6,665,554 

6,665,554 

68,261,600 

7,712,952  75,974,552  64,557,491 

6,775,970  71,333,461 

Franchise royalty 
income 
Franchise related 
activities 
US Corporate 
owned Stores 
International 
corporate activities 
Total 

5 

Expenses by nature 

The Group’s operating profit has been arrived at after charging: 

Raw materials and consumables used 
Employee costs 

Depreciation charge 

Amortisation charge 

Marketing costs 

R&D 

Foreign exchange loss 

Auditors remuneration 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for audit of 
Parent Company and Consolidated Financial 
Statements 
Fees payables to the Company’s auditor for other 
services (assurance related services) 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$ 
4,178,795 
30,530,324 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$ 
4,826,483 
29,050,991 

3,745,773 

3,236,683 

Note 

6 

841,516 

216,257 

- 

4,561 

968,086 

213,260 

- 

38,896 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 
$ 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$ 

72,000 

54,000  

- 

- 

The Group auditors are not the auditors of the US subsidiary companies. The fees paid to the auditor of 
the US subsidiary companies were $161,478 (2022: $214,863) for the audit of these companies and 
$34,483 (2022: $40,499) for other services.   

Water Intelligence plc 
49 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

6 

Employees and Directors 

The Employees and Directors of the Company contribute to the execution and management of the 
business. 

Short-Term employee benefits 
Directors fees, salaries and benefits 
Employee wages and salaries 
Employer payroll taxes 
Long-Term employee benefits 
Share based payments 

Information regarding Directors’ emoluments are as follows: 

Directors’ fees, salaries and benefits 

Employer payroll taxes 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 

663,000 
26,923,972 
2,371,382 

640,704 
25,809,809 
2,138,381 

571,970 

462,097 

30,530,324 

29,050,991 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2023 
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022  
$ 

663,000 

20,857 
683,857 

640,704 

20,039 
660,743 

The highest paid Director (Executive) received emoluments of $595,000 (2022: $591,473). 

In lieu of cash compensation, to be added to the above table, all of the directors received a combination of stock options awards 
and fully paid-up shares. The value of the options awarded on 7 July 2023 at an exercise price of $6.35 to all directors in respect 
of their first half compensation was: P DeSouza $19.9k, L Hills $19.9k, D Ewell $39.9k, B Knell $19.9k, M Reisman $19.9k. In 
addition, in relation to their second half payments, as announced on 15 February 2024, certain directors were issued fully pa id up 
Ordinary Shares and the value of these Ordinary Shares issued were: P DeSouza $37.5k, L Hills $37.5K, D Ewell $37.5k, P 
Meckley $10k 

The average number of employees (including Directors) in the Group during the year was:  

Directors (executive and non-executive) 
Management 
Field Services 
Franchise Support 
Administration 

Year ended 
31 December 
2023 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 

5 
55 
305 
19 
98 

482 

5 
44 
271 
19 
97 

436 

Water Intelligence plc 
50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

7 

Share options 

The  Company  grants  share  options  at  its  discretion  to  Directors,  management  and  advisors.  These  are 
accounted for as equity settled options. Should the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years 
from  the  date  of  grant  the  options  will  expire  unless  an  extension  is  agreed  to  by  the  Board.  Options  are 
exercisable at a price equal to the Company’s quoted market price on the date of grant or an exercise price 
to be determined by the Board. 

Details for the share options and warrants granted, exercised, lapsed and outstanding at the year-end are as 
follows: 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted during the year 
Forfeited/lapsed during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at end of the year 

Exercisable at end of the year 

Number of 
share 
options 
2023 
2,228,000 
545,000 
- 
- 
2,773,000 

1,102,500 

Weighted 
Number  
average 
of share  
exercise 
options 
price ($) 
2022 
2023 
6.02  2,238,000 
6.70 
95,000 
(35,000) 
- 
(70,000) 
- 
6.15  2,228,000 

3.52 

627,500 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price ($) 
2022 
5.74 
12.04 
12.56 
2.36 
6.02 

1.59 

Fair value of share options 
During the year, the Group granted 545,000 Share Options pursuant to certain employees, with exercise 
prices ranging from £5.00 to £6.60 ($6.35 to $8.18). 

The fair value of options granted during the current year has been calculated using the Black Scholes model 
which has given rise to fair values per share ranging from $1.45 to $2.69. This is based on risk-free rate of 
3.61% and volatility of 37.2% to 47.4%.  

The Black Scholes calculations for the options granted during the year resulted in a charge of $571,970 (2022: 
$462,097) which has been expensed in the year. 

The weighted average remaining contractual life of the share options as at 31 December 2023 was 6.1 years 
(2022: 6.02 years). 

Water Intelligence plc 
51 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Options arrangements that exist over the Company’s shares at year end and at the time of the report are 
detailed below: 

Grant 
ALDHC Plan  
2013 Directors  
2015 Options  
2016 Directors  
2016 Employee  
2016 Employee  
2018 Acquisition 
2019 Employee  
2019 Acquisition  
2020 Employee  
2020 Acquisition  
2021 Acquisition 
2021 Directors 
2021 Acquisition 
2021 Acquisition 
2022 Acquisition  
2022 Acquisition  
2023 Directors (1) 
2023 Directors (2) 
2023 Employee (3) 
Total 

At report 
date 
67,500 
100,000 
117,500 
100,000 
25,000 
82,500 
135,000 
425,000 
50,000 
485,000 
25,000 
45,500 
300,000 
100,000 
      75,000 
20,000 
75,000 
105,000 
90,000 
350,000 
2,773,000 

2023 
67,500 
100,000 
117,500 
100,000 
25,000 
82,500 
135,000 
425,000 
50,000 
485,000 
25,000 
45,500 
300,000 
100,000 
75,000 
20,000 
75,000 
105,000 
90,000 
350,000 
2,773,000 

2022 

Exercis
e price 

Exercise period 
To 

From 

Date of 
Grant 
67,500  01/12/2013 
100,000  01/08/2013 
117,500  08/06/2015 
100,000  13/06/2016 
25,000  19/12/2016 
82,500  19/12/2016 
135,000  06/03/2018 
425,000  04/04/2019 
50,000  04/04/2019 
485,000  31/07/2020 
25,000  30/09/2020 
45,500  01/01/2021 

01/12/2024 
$1.14  01/12/2013 
01/08/2024 
$1.30  01/08/2013 
08/06/2025 
$0.67  08/06/2015 
13/06/2026 
$1.26  13/06/2016 
19/12/2026 
$1.24  19/12/2019 
$1.56  19/12/2019 
19/12/2026 
$3.15  06/03/2021     06/03/2028 
04/04/2029 
$6.24  04/04/2023 
04/04/2029 
$4.59  04/04/2023 
31/07/2030 
$5.60  31/07/2024 
30/09/2030 
$6.20  30/09/2024 
01/01/2031 
$6.80  01/01/2025 
15/03/2031 
300,000  15/03/2021  $10.40  15/03/2025 
100,000  20/04/2021  $11.38  20/04/2025 
20/04/2031 
75,000  01/07/2021  $12.56  01/07/2025 
01/07/2031 
20,000  31/05/2022  $10.30  31/05/2026 
31/05/2032 
75,000  30/06/2022  $12.50  30/06/2026 
30/06/2032 
06/02/2033 
$8.18  06/02/2027 
04/07/2033 
$6.35  04/07/2027 
04/07/2033 
$6.35  04/07/2027 

-  06/02/2023 
-  04/07/2023 
-  04/07/2023 

2,228,000 

All share options are equity settled on exercise. The amounts at the Report Date reflect all share options 
that have been either exercised or forfeited. 

(1)  On 6 February 2023, in lieu of compensation board members received options to purchase 105,000 New Ordinary Shares at 

a price of $8.18.  These options have a four-year vesting requirement. 

(2)  On 4 July 2023, certain directors were granted options to purchase 90,000 New Ordinary Shares at a price of $6.35.  These 

options have a four-year vesting requirement. 

(3)  On 4 July 2023, certain employees were granted options to purchase 350,000 New Ordinary Shares at a price of $6.35.  These 

options have a four-year vesting requirement. 

Patrick DeSouza received (i) 180,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $1.07 during 2016, (ii) 750,000 Partly Paid Shares 
at an exercise price of $2.71 in March 2018, (iii) 850,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $4.82, in May 2019 and (iv) 
300,000 Partly Paid Shares at an exercise price of $6.13 in October 2020  in connection with capital raising and bank financings.   
These Partly Paid Shares carry voting rights but will not be admitted to trading or carry any economic rights until fully pai d. 

Water Intelligence plc 
52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

8 

Finance income 

Interest income 

9 

Finance expense  

Interest expense 

Interest on lease liabilities 

Total interest expense 

10 

Taxation 

Group 

Current tax: 

Current tax on profits in the year 

Adjustment in respect of prior year 

Total current tax 

Deferred tax current year 

Deferred tax prior year 

Deferred tax expense (note 20) 

Income tax expense 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
699,819 

$ 
229,550 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023  
$ 
1,453,399 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022 
$ 
1,381,162 

190,579 

189,430 

1,643,978 

1,570,592 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 

$ 

875,062 

23,045 

898,107 

707,478 

- 

707,478 

1,605,585 

1,262,651 

(696) 

1,261,955 

575,782 

- 

575,782 

1,837,737 

The  tax  on  the  Group's  profit  before  tax  differs  from  the  theoretical  amount  that  would  arise  using  the 
weighted average tax rate applicable to profits of the consolidated entities as follows:  

Profit before tax on ordinary activities 
Tax calculated at domestic rate applicable profits in 
respective countries 
(2023: 17% versus 2022: 23%) 
Tax effects of: 
Non-deductible expenses 
Other tax adjustments, reliefs and transfers 
State taxes net of federal benefit 
Adjustment in respect of prior year 

Changes in rates 

6,239,387 

5,504,216 

1,037,228 

1,242,058 

188,271 
(22,278) 
359,308 
23,045 
20,011 

95,621 
154,095 
339,601 
(696) 
7,058 

Taxation expense recognized in income statement 

1,605,585 

1,837,737 

Water Intelligence plc 
53 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The  Group  is  subject  to  income  taxes  in  multiple  jurisdictions.  Significant  judgment  is  required  in 
determining the worldwide provision for income taxes.  There are many transactions and calculations for 
which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated tax audit 
issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due.  

As also set forth, in Note 20, at the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading operations had unused tax 
losses of £3,830,192 (2022: £3,449,063) available for offset against future profits. £957,548 (2022: £862,266) 
represents unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 25%. The deferred tax asset has not been 
recognized due to uncertainty over timing of utilization.  

The effective rate across all jurisdictions for tax for 2023 is 17% (2022: 23%).  

11 

Earnings per share 

The profit per share has been calculated using the profit for the year and the weighted average number 
of ordinary shares outstanding during the year, as follows: 

Basic 

Profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the Parent ($) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
Diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares 

Profit per share (cents) 
Diluted profit per share (cents) 

12 

Acquisitions 

These can be summarised as follows: 

Year ended  
31 December 
2023  
$ 
4,398,681 
17,358,688 

Year ended 31 
December 
2022 
$ 
3,566,540 
17,360,189 

17,833,235 
25.3 
24.7 

18,554,459 
20.5 
19.2 

The Group announced the reacquisition of its Nashville, Tennessee franchise territory within the Group’s 
ALD franchise business.  The acquisition is pursuant to the Group’s growth strategy of creating regional 
hubs and adds further corporate scale to operations in the Midwest, Un ited States. The cash consideration 
for the acquisition is $3.25 million based on a 2022 Adjusted Income Statement of $2.4 million in revenue 
and $550,000 in profit before tax and includes the transfer of all operating assets to the Group.   The date 
of acquisition was February 1, 2023. 

The Group announced the reacquisition of its Covina, California  franchise territory within the Group’s ALD 
franchise business.  The purchase price of $1.5 million in cash at closing includes all assets required to 
conduct  operations,  including  trucks  and  equipment.  The  purchase  price  is  based  on  the  trailing  twelve 
months pro forma of $1.3 million in revenue and $0.3 million in pro fit before tax, as well as total assets of 
$0.2 million. The transaction is accretive for the Group’s shareholders . The date of  acquisition was July 
19, 2023. 

The  Group  announced  the  reacquisition  of  its  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania  franchise  territory  within  the 
Group’s ALD franchise business. The purchase price of $0.5 million is based on pro forma sales of $0.5 
million  and  net  income  of  $0.12  million.  The  Group  believes  that  the  Pittsburgh  location  was 
underperforming  as  a  franchise  and  sees  an  opportunity  to  increase  its  growth  trajectory.     The  date  of 
acquisition was September 29, 2023. 

Water Intelligence plc 
54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The  Group  acquired  its  Western  Colorado  franchise  territory  within  the  Group’s  Colorado  ALD  LLC 
subsidiary business.  The cash consideration for the acquisition is $0.15 million and includes the transfer 
of all operating assets to the Group.  The date of acquisition was September 1, 2023 

The Group acquired Evergreen Plumbing Company within the Group’s ALD franchise business.   The cash 
consideration  for  the  acquisition  is  $0.13  million  and  includes  the  transfer  of  all  operating  assets  to  the 
Group. The date of acquisition was November 22, 2023. 

Net sales from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2023 attributable to these  
acquisitions was approximately $2,442,569. Net income from the date of acquisition through  
December 31, 2023 attributable to these acquisitions was approximately $212,005.  

Nashville:  
Covina:  
Pittsburgh:   

 Sales $1,880,882, net income $141,637 
 Sales $   446,765, net income $  58,145 
 Sales $   114,922, net income $  12,223 

Sales and net income for Western Colorado and Evergreen Plumbing cannot be determined as they were 
combined with existing locations. 

It is not feasible to obtain revenue and net income that would have been included if the full year was 
consolidated. 

Water Intelligence plc 
55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
2023 Acquisitions 

Fair value of assets and 
liabilities acquired 

Equipment 
Vehicles 

Non-compete 

Liabilities / Other 

Net assets acquired 

Consideration 

Cash 

Note payable 

Total consideration 

Intangible assets arising on 
acquisition (see note 13) 

 Notes to the Financial Statements 

Nashville 

Covina 

Pittsburgh 

Western 
Colorado 

Evergreen 
Plumbing 

Totals 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

176,824 

256,392 

30,000 

(200,154) 

66,750 

96,110 

- 

- 

53,995 

22,302 

30,000 

- 

26,750 

- 

60,000 

- 

15,425 

24,575 

60,000 

339,744 

399,379 

180,000 

- 

(200,154) 

263,062 

162,860 

106,297 

86,750 

100,000 

718,969 

2,125,000 

1,500,000 

1,125,000 

- 

3,250,000 

1,500,000 

363,500 

150,000 

513,500 

150,000 

- 

65,000 

65,000 

4,203,500 

1,340,000 

150,000 

130,000 

5,543,500 

2,986,938 

1,337,140 

407,203 

63,250 

30,000 

4,824,531 

The intangible assets arising on the above acquisitions of $4,824,531 is included in additions to goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets for owned & operated stores 
(see note 13).   

Following acquisitions all Franchises are classed as one cash generating unit therefore cannot separately disclose revenue and profit for each individual franchise . 

Water Intelligence plc 
56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

2022 Acquisitions 

Fair value of assets and 
liabilities acquired 

Equipment 
Vehicles 

Non-compete 

Liabilities / Other 

Net assets acquired 

Consideration 

Cash 

Note payable 

Total consideration 

Intangible assets arising on 
acquisition (see note 13) 

Sub. Aqu. 
Fort Worth 

Central 
Texas 

Shanahan 

Adjustments 

Totals 

$ 

$ 

$ 

366,109 

330,877 

132,434 

(140,080) 

38,562 

50,480 

30,000 

- 

689,340 

119,042 

3,850,000 

700,000 

3,850,000 

50,000 

143,931 

175,220 

60,000 

572,711 

951,862 

900,000 

100,000 

$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

$ 

548,602 

556,577 

222,434 

432,631 

1,760,244 

50,000 

(41,553) 

5,500,000 

3,958,447 

7,700,000 

750,000 

1,000,000 

8,447 

9,458,447 

7,010,660 

630,958 

48,138 

8,447 

7,698,203 

Water Intelligence plc 
57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

The amount of deferred consideration for 2023 acquisitions as well as the remaining deferred 
consideration for acquisitions made in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 can be summarized as follows:  

Current 

South Florida 
Tucson 
Minneapolis 
San Jose 
Seattle 
Melbourne, Florida 
Baton Rouge 
Las Vegas and Phoenix 
Daytona 
PlumbRight 
Fort Worth 
Nashville 
Pittsburgh 
Evergreen Plumbing 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2023 
$ 
29,831 
48,468 
- 
51,074 
- 
- 
- 
1,862,802 
150,000 
- 
1,270,000 
1,125,000 
150,000 
65,000 

Year 
acquired 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2021 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2023 
2023 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$ 
28,101 
113,550 
327,670 
49,074 
100,000 
350,000 
175,000 
1,640,698 
850,000 
175,000 
1,300,000 
- 

 Total current deferred consideration 

4,752,175 

5,109,093 

Non-Current 

South Florida 
Tucson 
San Jose 
Seattle 
Las Vegas and Phoenix 
Daytona 
Fort Worth 

  Year ended 
 31 December 
2023 
$ 
59,510 
- 
21,313 
300,000 
1,976,251 
- 
1,275,000 

Year 
  acquired 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2021 
2022 

Year ended 
31 December 
2022 
$ 
89,341 
48,468 
72,386 
300,000 
3,954,226 
150,000 
2,550,000 

 Total non-current deferred consideration 

3,632,074 

7,164,421 

Water Intelligence plc 
58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 

Intangible assets 

The calculation of amortisation of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, related 
to the expected useful lives of the assets. 

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate 
that the carrying amount may not be recovered.  

Goodwill and other indefinite life intangible assets  

 Group 

Cost 

At 1 January 2022 

Additions  

Goodwill 
Acquisitions 
$ 

Goodwill relating 
to Owned & 
Operated stores 
$ 

Goodwill on 
franchisor 
activities 
$ 

4,223,967 

7,010,660 

33,989,020 

636,711 

687,543 

- 

At 31 December 2022 

11,234,627 

34,676,563 

636,711 

Additions (see note 12) 

- 

4,824,531 

- 

At 31 December 2023 

11,234,627 

39,501,094 

636,711 

Totals 
$ 

38,849,698 

7,698,203 

46,547,901 

4,824,531 

51,372,433 

Impairment 

At 1 January 2022 

Impairment in year 

1,506,229 

75,000 

                    - 

1,581,229 

       -   

                    -                         -    

-    

At 31 December 2022 

1,506,229 

75,000 

                    - 

1,581,229 

Impairment in year 

- 

- 

At 31 December 2023 

1,506,229 

75,000 

Carrying amount 

- 

- 

- 

1,581,229 

At 31 December 2022 

9,728,398 

34,601,563 

636,711 

44,966,672 

At 31 December 2023 

9,728,398 

39,426,094 

636,711 

49,791,203 

The  increase  in  carrying  value  of  Goodwill  Acquisitions  at  31  December  2023  relate  to  goodwill  additions 
arising on the acquisitions outlined in Note 12 above during 2023. 

Goodwill  and  indefinite  life  intangible  assets  on  owned  &  operated  stores  comprises  legacy  owned  stores 
together with additions arising from reacquisitions of franchise operations from 2015 through 2023.  Details on 
additions in 2023 can be found in note 12 above.   

Where  appropriate  consideration  of  separately  identifiable  intangible  assets  has  been  considered  in  the 
evaluation of the fair value of assets acquired and the determination of the fair value of goodwill arising. For 
the acquisitions in 2015 - 2023 relating to the reacquisition of franchises, it is considered that the value being 
attributed to the purchase consideration relates to the synergies with surrounding franchises, obtaining wider 
geographical  coverage  directly  within  the  Group,  the  focus  to  seize  potential  opportunity  within  a  wider 
business strategy for revenue and earnings growth and the ability to expand new service offerings. Where 
appropriate, consideration of separate intangibles, such as covenants not to compete, are evaluated.  

Water Intelligence plc 
59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
    
    
 
  
    
    
   
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

There  is  no  separately  identified  intangible  considered  to  arise  from  the  customer  list  of  a  franchise 
reacquired  given  the  terms  of  the  franchise  agreement  and  on  that  these  customers  continue  to  be 
customers of the Group’s products and services before and after the reacquisition.  

An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate 
that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be  recovered.  For  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill   or 
indefinite  life  intangible  assets  are  allocated  to  appropriate  cash  generating  units  which  can  be 
summarised as follows: 

Goodwill on Acquisitions is allocated to separate cash generating units. 

Goodwill  or indefinite life intangible assets  on owned &  operated stores  is allocated to cash generating 
units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.  

Goodwill on Franchisor Activities is considered to be related to a single cash generating unit by reference 
to  revenues  and  activities  derived  from  the  franchise  royalty  income  and  franchise  related  activities 
segments (see note 4). 

The cash generating units to which goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets have  been allocated are 
tested  for  impairment  annually.  If  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash  generating  unit  is  less  than  its 
carrying  amount,  the  impairment  loss  is  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill 
allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount 
of  each  asset  in the  unit. An  impairment  loss  recognised  for  goodwill  is  not recovered  in  a su bsequent 
period. 

The  key  assumptions/inputs  used  for  the  impairment  assessment  based  on  the  forecast  cash  flow  and 
revenues for 2023 were as follows: 

Pre-tax Discount rate 
Short term revenue growth 
Long term revenue growth 
Tax rate 
Discount rate sensitivity step 
Perpetual growth rate sensitivity step 

% 

15 
5 
3.5 
25 
2 
1 

This has resulted in no material impairment charge being required in 2023 (2022: $nil). 

Based upon the sensitivity analysis had the estimated discount rate used been 2% higher and the perpetual 
revenue growth rate used been 1% lower in these calculations the Group would still not have incurred any 
material impairment for any of the categories of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets. 

Water Intelligence plc 
60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements 

13 
Other Intangible assets table 

Intangible assets continued 

Product 
development 
$ 

Covenants  
not to compete 
$ 

Customer 
Lists 

Trademarks 

Patents 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Salesforce 
$ 

Enterprise 
Solution 
Development 
$ 

Cost 
At 1 January 2022 
Additions 
Disposals   
At 31 December 2022 
Additions  
Completed development 
Disposals 
Reallocation 
At 31 December 2023 

Accumulated amortisation 
 At 1 January 2022 

Amortisation expense 
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2022 

Amortisation expense  
Disposals 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2023 

Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2022 

At 31 December 2023 

515,351 
598,058 
- 
1,113,409 
3,370,700 
(888,232) 
- 
1,590,583 
5,186,460 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

1,113,409 

5,186,460 

670,881 
222,434 
- 
893,315 
180,000 
- 
(7,164) 
- 
1,066,151 

84,889 

167,818 
- 
113 
252,819 

195,481 
(7,164) 
182 
441,318 

640,496 

624,833 

132,857 
572,711 
- 
705,568 
- 
- 
- 
- 
705,568 

132,857 

25,454 
- 
- 
158,311 

38,181 
- 
- 
196,492 

547,257 

509,076 

5,233,817 
- 
- 
5,233,817 
- 
- 
- 
- 
5,233,817 

4,143,440 

261,691 
- 
- 
4,405,131 

261,691 
- 
- 
4,666,822 

116,667 
18,242 
- 
134,908 
- 
- 
- 
- 
134,908 

5,833 

8,469 
- 
19 
14,321 

9,021 
- 
(28) 
23,314 

1,558,208 
1,758,095 
- 
3,316,304 
- 
- 
(167,513) 
(1,590,583) 
1,558,208 

129,851 

479,154 
- 
- 
609,005 

311,642 
(167,513) 
- 
753,134 

102,000 
- 
- 
102,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
102,000 

14,875 

25,500 
- 
- 
40,375 

25,500 
- 
- 
65,875 

Total 

$  

8,329,782 
3,169,540 
- 
11,499,322 
3,550,700 
(888,232) 
(174,677) 
- 
13,987,113 

4,511,745 

968,086 
- 
131 
5,479,962 

841,516 
(174,677) 
155 
6,146,956 

828,686 

120,588 

2,707,298 

61,625 

6,019,360 

566,995 

111,594 

805,074 

36,125 

7,840,157 

All intangible assets have been acquired by the Group. 
The calculation of amortisation of intangible assets requires the use of estimates and judgement, related to the expected useful lives of the assets.  
An impairment review is undertaken annually or whenever changes in circumstances or events indicate that the carrying amount  may not be recovered. 

            $1.6m of Salesforce costs were re-allocated to Product development as these costs were still in progress

Water Intelligence plc 
61 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

14 

Property, plant and equipment 

Equipme
nt & 
displays  
$ 

Motor 
Vehicles  
$ 

Leasehold 
Improvem-

ents  
$ 

Buildings 
$ 

Right of 
Use 
Vehicles 
$ 

Right of 
Use Offices 
$ 

Total  
$ 

4,693,694  3,350,021 

87,820 

156,259 

3,114,413 

2,029,904  13,432,111 

366,109 

330,877 

- 

- 

- 

- 

696,986 

Cost 
At 1 January 2022 
Acquired on acquisition 
of subsidiary 
Additions 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 

At 31 December 2022 
Additions 
Capitalised costs 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Exchange differences 
Disposals 

781,433  1,008,632 
315,140 
(72,121) 
(187,367) 

- 
(79,908) 
(29,103) 

5,732,225  4,745,181 
796,986  2,449,710 
888,232 
- 
517,540 
- 
25,336 
33,502 
(380,208) 
(2,000) 

7,448,945  7,357,559 

At 31 December 2023 
Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2022 
Eliminated on disposals 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Depreciation expense 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2022 
Eliminated on disposals 
Purchase ROU Vehicles 
Depreciation expense 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 2023 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2022 
At 31 December 2023 

(8,790) 
- 
946,921 
(47,251) 

2,002,288  1,572,391 
(115,844) 
315,140 
648,080 
(34,097) 
2,893,168  2,385,670 
(267,409) 
458,495 
952,173 
13,408 
3,986,232  3,542,337 

(233) 
- 
1,069,236 
24,061 

2,839,057  2,359,511 
3,462,713  3,815,222 

- 
- 
- 
(15,000) 

72,820 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

72,820 

38,875 
(7,046) 
- 
16,026 
- 
47,855 
- 
- 
15,117 
- 
62,972 

- 
- 
(7,354) 
- 

148,905 
- 
- 
- 
(66) 
(148,839) 

1,005,570 
(315,140) 
(3,055) 
- 

3,801,787 
- 
- 
(517,540) 
1,143 
(19,048) 

1,427,888 
- 
(21,887) 
(1,032,961) 

4,223,523 
- 
(184,325) 
(1,264,431) 

2,402,944  16,903,863 
1,115,204 
4,361,900 
- 
888,232 
- 
- 
5,688 
65,603 
(514,782) 
(1,064,878) 

- 

3,266,342 

3,009,054  21,154,720 

62,787 
- 
- 
4,127 
(2,301) 
64,613 
(66,749) 
- 
2,174 
(38) 
- 

934,704 
- 
(315,140) 
790,553 
(1,252) 
1,408,865 
(19,048) 
(458,495) 
742,943 
946 
1,675,211 

1,013,838 
(953,584) 
- 
830,975 
(12,491) 
878,738 
(493,226) 
- 
964,130 
191 

5,624,883 
(1,085,264) 
- 
3,236,683 
(97,393) 
7,678,909 
(846,665) 
- 
3,745,773 
38,568 
1,349,833  10,616,585 

24,965 
9,848 

84,292 
- 

2,392,922 
1,591,131 

1,524,208 
9,224,955 
1,659,221  10,538,135 

2022 depreciation was reallocated 
Included  within  additions  are  additions  of  $739,123  (2022:  $408,193),  which  were  acquired  on  the 
acquisition of franchises. 

Water Intelligence plc 
62 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

15 

Investment in subsidiary undertakings 

Company 
Cost 
At 31 December 2022 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2023 
Impairment 
At 31 December 2022 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 2023 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2022 
At 31 December 2023 

Subsidiary 
Undertakings 
$  

13,027,185 
368,066 
13,395,251 

6,400,906 

                         -    

6,400,906 

6,626,279 
6,994,345 

The  Directors  annually  assess  the  carrying  value  of  the  investment  in  the  subsidiary  and  in  their 
opinion  no  further  impairment  provision  is  currently  necessary.  See  notes  12  and  13  for  the 
assumptions and sensitivities in assessing the carrying value of the  goodwill and acquired intangible 
assets that underpins the varying value of the investments . 

The net carrying amounts noted above relate to the US incorporated subsidiaries.   

The subsidiary undertakings during the year were as follows: 

Water Intelligence International Limited* 
(leak detection products and services) 

Wat-er-save Services Limited 

Water Intelligence Australia Pty 

American Leak Detection Holding Corp. 
(holding company of ALD Inc.) * 

American Leak Detection, Inc. (leak 
detection product and services) 

Canadian Leak Detection, Inc. 

Colorado ALD LLC 

    American Leak Detection Irrigation, Inc 

Qonnectis Group Limited (dormant) 

NRW Utilities Limited (Dormant) 

Registered office address 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
Agriculture house, Acland Rd, 
Dorchester DT1 1EF 
1 Farrer Place, Sydney, NSW 
2000 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 

199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 

8-4696 Bartlette Rd. 
Beamsville, Ontario L0R 1B1 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 
199 Whitney Avenue, New 
Haven, Connecticut 06511 US 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 
27-28 Eastcastle Street, 
London, United Kingdom, 
W1W 8DH 

Country of 
incorporation 

England and 
Wales 

Australia 

US 

US 

Canada 

US 

US 

England and 
Wales 

England and 
Wales 

Interest 
held 
% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100% 

100%  

100% 

51% 

75% 

100%          

100% 

*  Subsidiaries  owned  directly  by  the  Parent  Company.    These  subsidiaries  –  WII  and  ALDHC  – 
represent  the  two  principal  business  lines  of  the  Parent  Company.  Wat-er-save,  Water  Intelligence 
Australia, Canadian Leak Detection and American Leak Detection Inc. are also wholly-owned by the 
two principal subsidiaries and indirectly owned by the Parent.  

Water Intelligence plc 
63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The Company’s strategy involves acquisitions, especially of franchisees. Not all acquisitions are 100% 
owned.  American Leak Detection had a 60% stake in a reacquired franchise in Bakersfield, California. 
American Leak Detection purchased the remaining 40% in 2022.  American Leak Detection also has 
a  51%  stake  in  a  former  franchise  located  in  Denver,  Colorado.    Finally,  American  Leak  Detection 
owns  75%  of  the  IntelliDitch subsidiary  that  was  set  up  as  part  of the  acquisition  of  IP  assets  from 
FastDitch in 2021. 

16 

Inventories 

Group Inventories 

Group 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023  
$ 
723,315 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022  
$ 
759,070 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2023,  an  expense  of  $10,362,197  (2022:  $9,659,600)  was 
recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, including business to business 
expenses  of  $9,677,633  (2022:  $9,142,777).  There  has  been  no  write  down  of  inventories  during 
2023. 

17 

Trade and other receivables 

Trade notes receivable 
Due from Group undertakings 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

$ 
207,990 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022 
$ 
287,572 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 

           -       -                      -    

    22,673,254 

22,605,908 

All trade notes receivables are due within five years from the end of the reporting period. 

Group 

Company 

Trade receivables 
Prepayments 
Prepaid taxes 
Due from Group undertakings 
Accrued royalties receivable 
Trade notes receivable 
Other receivables 
Due from related party 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023  
$ 
7,204,731 
1,180,945 
850,007 
- 
608,891 
209,716 
717,435 
291,528 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
7,211,414 
1,226,295 
835,164 
- 
566,731 
256,613 
988,215 
309,152 

$ 
- 
11,170 
- 
4,609,607 
- 
- 
- 
- 

$ 
- 
19,745 
- 
4,329,809 
- 
- 
- 
- 

4,349,554 

Current portion 

11,063,253 

11,393,584 

4,620,777 

Trade receivables disclosed above are classified as loans and receivables and are therefore 
measured at amortised cost. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other 
receivables approximates their fair value. 

Accrued royalties receivable are never reclassified to trade receivables as, should any royalties be 
withheld or unpaid, the Group has the right to take back the relevant franchise.  

Water Intelligence plc 
64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

The average credit period taken on sales is 35 days (2022: 39 days). 

The carrying amounts of the Group’s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following 
currencies: 

US Dollar 
UK Pound 
Australian Dollar 
Canadian Dollar 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
9,373,691 
1,176,455 
454,421 
58,686 

11,063,253 

$ 
10,261,789 
807,038 
286,546 
38,211 

11,393,584 

The  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  at  the  reporting  date  is  the  carrying  value  of  each  class  of 
receivable mentioned above.  

18 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

Cash with period over 90 days 

19 

Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Accruals and other payables  

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
8,882,627 

6,875,250 

$ 

$ 

$ 

23,014,454       

1,105,607          1,384,624        

- 

- 

- 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
1,401,653 
4,595,375 

5,997,028 

$ 
1,519,128 
4,811,979 

6,331,107 

$ 
4,642 
75,373 

80,015 

$ 
305 
145,950 

146,255 

Trade  payables  and  accruals  principally  comprise  amounts  outstanding  for  trade  purchases  and 
ongoing costs and are payable within 3 months. The average credit period taken for tra de purchases 
is 38 days (2022:16 days). 

20 

Deferred Tax 

The analysis of deferred tax liabilities is as follows: 

Group 

Deferred tax (liability)/assets 
The movement in deferred tax liabilities is as follows:  

2023 

$ 

2022 

$ 

(2,618,605) 

(1,915,581) 

Water Intelligence plc 
65 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

2023 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-
current) 
Short term temporary differences 

2022 

Temporary differences: 
Net operating profit (loss) (non-
current) 
Short term temporary differences 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

Recognized in 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income 
$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

(1,915,581) 
(1,915,581) 

(707,478) 
(707,478) 

4,454 
4,454 

(2,618,605) 
(2,618,605) 

Recognized in 
the income 
statement 
$ 

Recognized in 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income  
$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Opening 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

Closing 
balance 
$ 

- 

- 

(1,576,872) 
(1,576,872) 

(575,782) 
(575,782) 

237,073 
237,073 

(1,915,581) 
(1,915,581) 

Deferred tax recognized in OCI is purely related to the revaluation of the listed shares. 

As also set forth, in Note 10, at the balance sheet date, the Group’s UK trading operations had unused 
tax losses of £3,830,192 (2022: £3,449,063) available for offset against future profits. £957,548 (2022: 
£862,266) represents unrecognized deferred tax assets thereon at 25%. The deferred tax asset has not 
been recognized due to uncertainty over timing of utilization.  

21 

Share capital 

The issued share capital in the year was as follows: 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2022 
At 31 December 2023 

Group & Company 

At 31 December 2022 
At 31 December 2023 

Ordinary Shares 
Number 
17,358,688 
17,358,688 

Shares held in 
treasury Number 
129,000 
129,000 

Total Number 
17,487,688 
17,487,688 

Share capital 
$ 
143,192 
143,192 

Share premium 
$ 
35,417,072 
35,417,072 

Shares in 
Treasury 
$ 
(1,139,404) 
(1,139,404) 

The Group has ordinary B shares of 2,080,000 issued and unpaid shares in 2023 and 2022  

The ordinary shares and ordinary B shares have a par value of $0.01 

Water Intelligence plc 
66 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Reverse acquisition reserve  

The reverse acquisition reserve was created in accordance with IFRS3 Business Combinations and 
relates to the reverse acquisition of Qonnectis Plc by ALDHC in July 2010. Although these 
Consolidated Financial Statements have been issued in the name of the l egal parent, the Company it 
represents in substance is a continuation of the financial information of the legal subsidiary ALDHC. 
A reverse acquisition reserve was created in 2010 to enable the presentation of a consolidated 
statement of financial position which combines the equity structure of the legal parent with the 
reserves of the legal subsidiary. Qonnectis Plc was renamed Water Intelligence Plc on completion of 
the reverse acquisition on 29 July 2010. 

22      Lease liability 

 Lease liabilities in statement of financial position 
 Amounts due within one year 

 Amount due after more than one year 

Amount recognized in the statement of  
  comprehensive income 
 Interest on leasehold liabilities 

Amount recognized in the statement of  
  cash flows 
 Repayment of lease liabilities 

23 

Financial instruments 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022  
$ 

1,394,147 
2,025,653 

1,427,510 
2,593,065 

3,419,800 

4,020,575 

190,579 

189,430 

1,715,978 

1,595,853 

Market risk (including foreign currency risk management) 
Interest rate risk 

The Group has exposure to the following key risks related to financial instruments:  
i. 
ii. 
iii.  Credit risk 
iv. 

Liquidity risk 

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s 
objectives, policies and processes for measuring and  managing risk, and the Group’s management 
of  capital.  Further  quantitative  disclosures  are  included  throughout  these  consolidated  Financial 
Statements. 

The Directors determine, as required, the degree to which it is appropriate to use financial instruments 
or other hedging contracts or techniques to mitigate risk. The main risk affecting such instruments is 
foreign currency risk which is discussed below.  Throughout the year ending 31 December 2023 no 
trading in financial instruments was undertaken (2022: none). The Group did enter into interest rate 
swap agreements as detailed in the derivatives section below. 

The  Group  uses  financial  instruments  including  cash,  loans,  as  well  as  trade  receivables  and 
payables that arise directly from operations. 

Due to the simple nature of these financial instruments, there is no material difference between book 
and fair values.  Discounting would not give a material difference to the results of the Group and the 
Directors believe that there are no material sensitivities that require additional disclosure.  

Water Intelligence plc 
67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities 
The  estimated  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  and  the  fair  values   of  the  Group’s  financial 
assets and financial liabilities is not considered material. 

Credit risk 
The  Group’s  principal  financial  assets  are  bank  balances, cash,  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other 
receivables.  The  Group’s  credit  risk  is  primarily  attributable  to  its  trade  receivables  and  cash  and 
cash equivalents. Receivables are regularly monitored and assessed for recoverability. The Group 
has no significant concentration of credit risk as exposure is spread over a number of customers.  As 
at 31 December 2023 the Group held significant cash, cash equivalents and cash investments with 
2  counterparties,  16.92%  was  held  with  one  counterparty  with  a  credit  rating  of  A+  and  a  further 
56.23% was held with another counterparty with a credit rating of BBB+. 

The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses 
a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables. To measure the expected credit losses, 
trade receivables have been grouped based on the shared cre dit risk characteristics and the days 
past due. The expected loss rates are based on the historic payment profiles of sales and the credit 
losses  experienced  within  this  period.  The  historical  loss  rates  are  adjusted  to  reflect  current  and 
forward-looking information.  

As the Group does not hold any collateral, the maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the 
carrying amount of the financial assets as at the end of each reporting period.  

As at 31 December 2023, trade receivables of $1,137,671 (2022: $1,948,729) were past due but not 
impaired. These relate to corporate store customers for whom there is no history of default. The 
ageing analysis of these trade receivables is as follows: 

Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables 

60-90 days 
90+ days 

Average age (days) 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
361,416 
776,255 
1,137,671 
95 

$ 
331,989 
1,616,740 
1,948,729 
95 

The Group believes that no impairment allowance is necessary in respect of trade receivables that 
are past due but not impaired. This is based on the Group’s good historic track record of collection 
for all such receivables. 

Credit risk management 
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss  to  the  Group.  The  Group  seeks  to  limit  credit  risk  on  liquid  funds  through  trading  only  with 
counterparties that are banks with high credit ratings assigned by international credit rating agencies.   

Exposure to credit risk 
The  carrying  amount  of  financial  assets  represents  the  maximum  credit  exposure.  The  exposure  to 
credit risk at the year-end was in respect of the past due receivables that have not been impaired are 
disclosed in note 17. 

Water Intelligence plc 
68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
                             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Categories of financial instruments 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

$ 

Year 
ended  
31 
December  
2022  
$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 
December  
2022   

$ 

$ 

8,882,627  23,014,454 
- 
6,875,250 
11,063,253  11,393,584 
287,572 

207,990 

1,105,607 
- 
4,620,777 
22,673,254 

1,384,624 
- 
4,349,554 
22,605,908 

5,997,028 
6,805,131 

6,331,107 
5,519,560 
12,510,867  15,334,813 
5,109,093 
7,164,421 

4,752,175 
3,632,074 

80,015 
- 
- 
- 
- 

146,255 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Loans and receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investments 
Trade and other receivables – current 
Trade and other receivables – non-
current 
Financial Liabilities measured at 
amortised cost 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings – current 
Borrowings – non-current 
Deferred consideration – current 
Deferred consideration – non-current 

Borrowings 

Bank Debt 
The Group has a commercial banking relationship with M&T Bank (M&T) with various facilities: a working 
capital line of credit (“WCL”); acquisition lines of credit (“ALOCs”), and term loans (“Term Loans”).   

A $2,000,000 WCL is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Group.  On December 5, 2023, the 
WCL was extended to a maturity date of December 5, 2025 and bore an annual variable interest rate 
equal to SOFR plus 3.00%. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the interest rate was 8.35% and 4.17%, 
respectfully. Monthly interest only payments are to be made on any unpaid balance.  The balance 
outstanding at both December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $0. 

In October 2020, M&T provided the Group with a term loan in the amount of $4,607,000 (“Term Loan”). 
The Term Loan bears interest at a rate equal to 3.58% and requires installments consisting of principal of 
$85,315 plus accrued interest to be paid monthly beginning in November 2020 until maturity in May 2025. 
The loan is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Group. The balance outstanding at December 
31, 2023 and 2022 was $1,450,352 and $2,474,130, respectively and is included within notes payable on 
the balance sheets. 

In October 2020, M&T provided the Group with an ALOC (“ALOC”) in the amount of $6,000,000. The 
ALOC has a two year draw period. The line bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 3.00%. As of 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, the interest rate was 3.59% and requires installments of principal and 
interest amounting to $39,816 to be paid per month beginning in November 2020 until maturity in October 
2025. As part of the agreement, the ALOC advance would be converted into a term loan if any ALOC 
advance exceeded $500,000 or automatically at the end of each draw period. Upon conversion, the term 
loan would bear interest at a rate per annum equal to three (3) percentage points in excess of M&T’s five 
year cost of funds interest rate; with a floor of 3.25%. ALOC is secured by substantially all of the assets of 
the Group.  The balance outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $875,957 and $1,353,751, 
respectively and is included within notes payable on the balance sheets. 

In February 2021, the Group was advanced $3,200,000 from the ALOC which converted the ALOC into a 
new term loan (“New Term Loan”). The New Term Loan bears interest at a rate equal to 3.64% and 

Water Intelligence plc 
69 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

requires installments consisting of principal and interest amounting to $53,333 to be paid monthly 
beginning in March 2021 until maturity in February 2026. The New Term Loan is secured by substantially 
all of the assets of the Group. The balance outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $1,386,667 
and $2,026,667, respectively and is included within notes payable on the balance sheets. 

In March 2022, M&T provided the Group with a new ALOC (“New ALOC”) in the amount of $15,000,000. 
The New ALOC has a two year draw period. As part of the agreement, M&T advanced the Group 
$9,463,647 related to the New ALOC. The line bears interest at a rate equal to 5.39% and requires 
installments consisting of principal of $157,727 plus interest to be paid monthly beginning in April 2022 
until maturity in March 2027.  The balance outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $6,151,371 
and $8,044,100, respectively and is included within notes payable on the balance sheets.  In May 2022 
and December 2022, the Group was advanced $600,000 and $2,125,000, respectively, from the New 
ALOC. The advances bear interest at a rate equal to 2.85% plus SOFR and require monthly installments 
consisting of interest only to be paid until the end of the first draw period.  This total balance of 
$2,725,000 was repaid in 2023.  In March 2023, the Group was advanced $5,536,353 from the New 
ALOC which converted into a new term loan (“2023 Term Loan”). The 2023 Term Loan bears interest at a 
rate equal to 5.68% and requires installments consisting of principal of $92,273, plus interest, to be paid 
monthly beginning in April 2023 until maturity in March 2028. The balance outstanding at December 31, 
2023 and 2022 was $4,798,173 and $0, respectively and is included within notes payable on the balance 
sheets.  The New ALOC has related swap agreements which mature at the same time as the underlying 
loans. 

As noted above, the Group expanded its credit facilities in March 2022.  The interest rate for the new 
acquisition line of credit was established using the SOFR index.  Additionally, the existing working capital 
line of credit interest rate was amended upon renewal in December 2023 to be calculated using the 
SOFR index.  Therefore, the Group will not be impacted by the IBOR reform. 

In December 2023, the New ALOC was amended to increase the line to $20,000,000; however, all other 
terms are the same except the draw period end date is now December 3, 2025. As part of the agreement, 
any New ALOC advances would be converted into term loans automatically at the end of each draw 
period. Upon conversion, the term loan would bear interest at a rate per annum equal to three (3) 
percentage points in excess of SOFR. The New ALOC has a related swap agreement which matures at 
the same time as the underlying loans. The New ALOC is secured by substantially all of the assets of the 
Group. 

In connection with the M&T line of credit, ALOC, and term note facilities, the Group is required to comply 
with certain financial and non-financial covenants. The most restrictive of these covenants includes a debt 
service coverage ratio to be tested quarterly and a maximum total funded debt to EBITDA ratio minimum 
to be tested quarterly. The Group was in compliance with those requirements at December 31, 2023. 

Financial Instruments 
Working Capital Line of Credit 

External borrowings 

Less: Loan Closing Costs 

Lease Liabilities 

Total 

Current 

Non-Current 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
- 

$ 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023  
$ 
- 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

$ 
- 

5,491,647 

4,162,819 

10,606,671 

12,869,822 

(80,663) 

(70,769) 

1,394,147 

1,427,510 

(121,457) 

2,025,653 

(128,074) 

2,593,065 

6,805,131 

5,519,560 

12,510,867 

15,334,813 

Water Intelligence plc 
70 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Capital risk management 
In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to maintain a sufficient funding base to enable 
working capital, research and development commitments and strategic investment needs to be met 
and  therefore  to  safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  in  order  to  provide 
returns to shareholders and benefits to other stakeholders. In making decisions to adjust its capital 
structure  to  achieve  these  aims,  through  new  share  issues,  the Group considers  not  only  its  short-
term position but also its long term operational and strategic objectives.  

The capital structure of the Group currently consists of cash and cash equivalents,  short and medium 
term  borrowings  and  equity  comprising  issued  capital,  reserves  and  retained  earnings.  Other  than 
with respect to Bank Debt, the Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.   
See KPI on page 12. 

Material accounting policies 
Details  of  the  significant  accounting  policies  including  the  criteria  for  recognition,  the  basis  of 
measurement and the bases for recognition of income and expense for each class of financial asset, 
financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed in Note 3. 

Foreign currency risk management 
The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies (other than the functional currency 
of  the  Company  and  its  UK  operations,  being  £  Sterling),  with  exposure  to  exchange  rate  fluctuations. 
These transactions predominately relate to royalties receivable in the US denominated in currencies other 
than US$ being Canadian Dollars, Australian Dollars and Euro; royalties from such outside US sources in 
2023 were $100,374 (2022: $110,416). No foreign exchange contracts were in place at 31 December 2023 
(2022: Nil). 

The carrying amount of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary 
liabilities were: 

Group 

Company 

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

Year ended  
31 December  
2022   

Year ended  
31 December  
2023   

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended  
31 December  
2022  
$ 

3,736,952 

3,462,037 

28,399,637 

28,340,086 

1,144,750 

1,066,160 

80,015 

146,255 

Assets 
Sterling, Australian and 
Canadian Dollars 
Liabilities 
Sterling, Australian and 
Canadian Dollars 

As shown above, at 31 December 2023 the Group had Sterling, Australian and Canadian denominated 
monetary  current  assets  of  $3,736,952  (2022:  $3,462,037).  If  the  foreign  currency  weakens  by  10% 
against the US dollar, this would decrease net assets by $373,695 (2022: $346,204) with a corresponding 
impact  on  reported  losses.  Changes  in  exchange  rate  movements  resulted  in  a  gain  from  exchange 
differences on a translation of foreign exchange of $199,826 in 2023 (2022: loss of $409,340), resulting 
primarily  from  the  share  issuance  from  prior  years  in  Pound  Sterling  and  subsequent  intercompany 
transfers accounted in US Dollars. 

Interest rate risk management 

The Group is potentially exposed to interest rate risk because the Group borrows and deposits funds 
at both fixed and floating interest rates. However, at the year end, the  majority of borrowings are 
subject to fixed rates with only the WCL subject to variable rates. Borrowings for which there are 
interest rate swaps at year-end are $10,949,543 (2022: $10,769,100) and borrowings for which there 
are no interest rate swaps are 4,946,654 (2022: 6,064,698).   

Water Intelligence plc 
71 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Interest rate sensitivity analysis  

The gains/losses recorded by both the Group and the Company for the year ended 31 December 2023 would 
not  materially  change  if  market  interest  rates  had  been  1%  higher/lower  throughout  2023  and  all  other 
variables were held constant.  

Liquidity risk management 
Ultimate  responsibility  for  liquidity  management  rests  with  management.  The  Group’s  practice  is  to 
regularly review cash needs and to place excess funds on fixed term deposits for periods not exceeding 
one  month.  The  Group  manages  liquidity  risk  by  maintaining  adequate  banking  facilities  and  by 
continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows. 

The  Directors  have  prepared  a  business  plan  and  forecast  for  the  period  to  31  December  2025.  The 
forecast contains certain assumptions about the level of future sales and the level of margins achievable. 
These  assumptions  are  the  Directors’  best  estimate  of  the  future  development  of  the  business.  The 
Directors acknowledge that the Group in the near-term trading is primarily reliant on cash generation from 
its predominantly US-based corporate-operated profits and franchisee royalty income. 

The following tables detail the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non -derivative financial 
liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The tables have been drawn up  based on the undiscounted 
cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest due repayment dates. The table shows principal 
cash flows. 

Group 

0-6 
months 
$ 

6-12 
months 
$ 

1-2 years 

2-5 years 

>5 years 

Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2023 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration  3,551,079  1,201,096  3,604,235 

- 
- 
962,664 
617,625  1,062,989 
2,705,869  2,705,113  4,782,400  5,702,815 
27,840 

5,997,028 
776,522 

- 

- 
5,997,028 
- 
3,419,800 
-  15,896,197 
- 
8,384,250 

Group 

0-6 
months 
$ 

6-12 
months 
$ 

1-2 years 

2-5 years 

>5 years 

Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2022 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration  3,245,144  1,863,949  7,136,582 

- 
- 
663,870 
654,271  1,929,195 
2,045,305  2,046,745  7,520,762  5,220,986 
27,839 

6,331,107 
773,239 

- 

- 
6,331,107 
- 
4,020,575 
-  16,833,798 
-  12,273,514 

Interest expected to be paid on liabilities are shown in the table below  

Group 

2023 
Payables 
Lease liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred consideration 

0-6 months 

$ 

6-12 months 
$ 

>12 months 
$ 

Total 
$ 

- 
79,756 
304,289 
129,849 

- 
59,265 
257,946 
89,442 

- 
112,691 
604,426 
34,344 

- 
251,712 
1,166,661 
253,635 

Water Intelligence plc 
72 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Derivatives 
The Group recognized that there was inherent risk related to interest rates in the  economic 
environment.  Therefore, the Group utilized interest rate swaps to fix its future rates and thereby 
eliminated the risk against the numerous increases in interest rates that occurred.  

The Group entered into a swap agreement with M&T Bank which fixed the Daily Simple SOFR 
interest at 2.39% through March 30, 2027. The interest rate swap had a notional amount of 
$9,463,647, an effective date of March 30, 2022, and a fair value of $162,660 at December 31, 2023, 
which was included as an asset on the balance sheets. 

The Group entered into an additional swap agreement with M&T Bank which fixed the Daily Simple 
SOFR interest at 2.68% through March 30, 2028. The interest rate swap had a notional amount of 
$5,536,353, an effective date of March 30, 2023, and a fair value of $113,605 at December 31, 2023, 
which was included as an asset on the balance sheets. 

The interest rate swaps meet the criteria necessary to qualify as effective cash flow hedges as 
defined in the accounting standards. Accordingly, the Group has reflected the changes in the fair 
value within other comprehensive income in the statement of comprehensive income.  

Fair values 
The Directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities 
approximate their fair values. 

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities 
The changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities can be classified as follows:  

At 1 January 2023 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  New Leases 
-  New Loans 
-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2023 

At 1 January 2022 
Cash flows 

-  Repayment 
-  Proceeds 

Non-cash 

-  New Leases 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
12,741,748 

(4,986,658) 
2,811,353 

- 
1,237,705 
(1,318,933) 
10,485,215 

Long-term 
borrowings 
$ 
6,128,605 

(3,815,204) 
12,356,696 

- 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
4,092,050 

Lease 
Liabilities 
$ 
4,020,575 

Total 

$ 
20,854,373 

- 
- 

- 

1,318,933 
5,410,983 

(1,715,978) 
- 

(6,702,636) 
2,811,353 

1,115,203 

- 
3,419,800 

1,115,203 
1,237,705 
- 
19,315,998 

Short-term 
borrowings 
$ 
2,163,701 

Lease 
Liabilities 
$ 
3,210,167 

Total 

$ 
11,502,473 

- 
- 

- 

(1,595,853) 
- 

(5,411,057) 
12,356,696 

2,406,261 

2,406,261 

-  Reclassification 
As at 31 December 2022 

(1,928,349) 
12,741,748 

1,928,349 
4,092,050 

- 
4,020,575 

- 
20,854,373 

The New non-cash loans in the period are related to the financing for motor vehicles acquired in the 
period and these are all fixed term borrowings 

Water Intelligence plc 
73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

24 

Fair value measurement 

The following table provides the fair value measurement hierarchy for assets measured at fair value: 

Fair value measurement using 

Assets measured at fair value 

Date of valuation 

Listed equity investments 

Quoted 
process 
in active 
markets 
(Level 1) 

$ 

Total 

$ 

   SEEEN investment                         31 December 2023 

447,231 

447,231 

   SEEEN investment                         31 December 2022 

474,613 

474,613 

Derivative financial assets 

Significant 
observabl
e inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
unobserva
ble inputs 
(Level 3) 

$ 

- 

- 

$ 

- 

- 

- 
- 

   Interest rate swap                           31 December 2023 
   Interest rate swap                           31 December 2022 

276,265 
448,177 

- 
- 

276,265 
448,177 

To estimate fair value, the lower end of the bid-offer spread as at 31 December 2023 was used to 
calculate the value of the holding. There is an active market for the Group's liquid equity investment.  

25 

Contingent liabilities 

The Directors are not aware of any material contingent liabilities.   

26 

Related party transactions 

PSS was one former owner of ALDHC until the reverse merger in 2010 that created Water 
Intelligence. PSS is now a significant shareholder of Water Intelligence and hence is a related party 
to the Company. PSS provides a technology license to Water Intelligence and ALD on terms 
favourable to Water Intelligence and ALD. The license is royalty-free for the first $5 million of sales 
for products developed with PSS technology. PSS also guarantees the bank debt of Water 
Intelligence as described below.  

During the normal course of operations, there are intercompany transactions among PSS, Water 
Intelligence plc, ALDHC and ALD. In previous years, PSS charged administrative fees to the 
Company to cover activities taken on behalf of company business, including research.  The financial 
results of these related party transactions are reviewed by an independent director of Water 
Intelligence plc, the parent of ALDHC and ALD. 

As described in Note 23, the Company's parent (and the Company as co-borrower) have different 
credit facilities with M&T Bank.  For the PSS guarantee, ALDHC pays 0.75% per annum based on 
the outstanding balance of the loan calculated at the end of each month. Interest charged on the 
PSS receivable will match the interest rate charged by the bank. The monthly charge for the PSS 
guarantee would not change and would be offset against amounts owed by PSS. The charge will be 
eliminated should the guarantee no longer be required by the bank. Interest income related to the 
PSS receivable amounted to $17,747 and $19,089 for the years December 31, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively. The guarantee fee expense for the PSS guarantee amounted to $ 123,748 and $99,146 

Water Intelligence plc 
74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During 2023 the Company paid 
expenses on behalf of PSS in the amount of $88,377. The related receivable/prepaid balance 
remaining is $291,528 and $309,152 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.   

During the year, the Company had the following transactions with its subsidiary companies: 

Water Intelligence International Limited 

Balance at 31 December 2022 
Net loans to subsidiary 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2023 

 ALDHC 
Balance at 31 December 2022 
Loans prepaid by WI capital raise 
Balance at 31 December 2023 

 ALD Inc. 
Balance at 31 December 2022 
Loans incurred due to WI capital raise 
Loans paid to WI 
Other expenses recharged and exchange differences 

Balance at 31 December 2023 

27 

Exemption from audit by parent guarantee 

$ 

4,329,809 
- 
279,797 

4,609,606 

$ 

- 
- 
- 

$ 

22,605,908 
- 
- 
67,346 

22,673,254 

The  following  subsidiaries  of  this  entity  are  exempt  from  the  requirement  of  the  Companies  Act  2006 
relating to the audit of individual financial statements by virtue of s479A: 

Name of subsidiary 

Company number 

Water Intelligence International Limited                   03634838 
     02498598 
Wat-er-save Services Limited 

28 

Subsequent events 

On 9 May 2024, the Group announced the reacquisition of its Fresno, California franchise territory 
within the Group’s ALD franchise business.  As Fresno is located between the Bay Area and Los 
Angeles in the Central Valley of California, the reacquisition reinforces the Group’s strategy of 
establishing regional corporate hubs in the US that fuel growth in adjacent franchise locations.   The 
cash consideration for the acquisition is $2.9 million based on 2023 revenue of $1.8 million, adjusted 
profit before tax of $0.6 million and the transfer of all operating assets to the Group. 
As at the date of issuance the acquisition acquisition accounting has not been completed and the 
disclosures required by IFRS 3 par B66 can not be provided 

On 9 May 2024, the Group announced the sale of a new franchise for Albany and Saratoga, New 
York within the Group’s ALD franchise business.    Albany and Saratoga are key cities in upstate 
New York and comprise part of what is known as the Capital District of New York.    The upfront 
consideration for launching this territory is $0.1 million.   ALD expects to receive royalty income from 
sales starting in July after the completion of training.  More broadly, in terms of ALD’s growth 
strategy, located between this new franchise location in Albany and ALD’s corporate location on the 

Water Intelligence plc 
75 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Notes to the Financial Statements  

Canadian side of Niagara Falls, there are several large cities  – Buffalo, Syracuse, and Rochester – in 
upstate New York around which ALD can deliver future growth, whether through corporate operations 
or selling more franchises. 

29 

Control 

The Company is under the control of its shareholders and not any one party. The shareholdings of the 
directors and entities in which they are related are as outlined within the Director’s Report. 

Water Intelligence plc 
76